Obesity Flashcards

1
Q

What is obesity?

A
  • it is the excessive accumulation of fat within the fat cells as a result of discrepancy between energy intake and energy expenditure
  • diagnosed using BMI, BMI over 30
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2
Q

What are some of the pre-disposing factors for obesity?

A
  • gender - more common in women than men
  • postcode - there are more cases in the north of the country than the south
  • lifestyle - reliance on cars, fast foods
  • mental wellbeing
  • social class
  • ethnicity
  • genetics
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3
Q

What are some of the complications?

A
  • type 2 diabetes
  • cardiovascular disease
  • osteoarthritis
  • infertility
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4
Q

How is it treated?

A
  • increasing overall muscle mass
  • producing a sense of well-being
  • depressing the appetite
  • increasing the overall metabolic rate
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5
Q

What are some of the issues of being obese in pregnancy?

A
  • early miscarriage
  • GDM
  • hypertension
  • pre-eclampsia
  • venous thrombo-embolism
  • anaesthetic problems
  • late stillbirth/neonatal death
  • neural tube defects
  • fetal macrosomia
  • fetal trauma
  • NNU admissions
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6
Q

What is the role of the midwife antenatally?

A
  • calculate each women’s BMI -> any BMI over 30 should be referred to consultant to discuss intrapartum risks and management strategies
  • women with BMI over 35 should be booked at a consultant led unit
  • advise about healthy eating
  • moderate exercise encouraged
  • ascertain mobility
  • continuity or care to foster self-esteem and self-confidence
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7
Q

What are the risks in labour for women who are obese?

A
  • prolonged labour
  • shoulder dystocia
  • operative birth
  • difficulty in undertaking instrumental and operative procedures
  • difficulty siting an epidural or spinal
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8
Q

What is the role of the midwife in labour?

A
  • continuous midwifery care
  • encourage changes in maternal position throughout labour
  • avoid dehydration
  • observe progress
  • FSE if difficulty with abdominal auscultation
  • encourage birth in consultant-led unit
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