obesity Flashcards
What is obesity defined as? What BMI?
Excessive fat accumulation in adipose tissue to extent that it affects their health. BMI> 30 obese.
Risks of obesity for asians & afrocarribeans?
- Asians develop diabetes at lower BMI.
- Afrocarribeans have less favourable CV profiles at lower BMI.
What is an example of genetic cause of obesity?
Leptin - dysfunction. Can cause obesity
What are factors driving obesity?
Genetic predisposition + environmental factors. Unhealthy diet, sedentary lifestyle
What are comorbidities associated with obesity?
Stroke, MI, bowel cancer, infertility, depression, osteoarthritis
Why is it hard to lose weight when genetically obese?
Constantly feel that they are starving (appetite regulation impaired)
What is included in obesity assessment for adults?
Determine degree of obesity, comorbidities, willingness to change. Lifestyle + medications –> surgery and follow up
What does orlistat do? Side effect? Overall effect?
- Inhibits lipase so get less fat absorption and less overall calories absorption.
- Steatorrhea.
- Not very effective and has side effects.
When do you consider bariatric surgery? When is it first line option?
- BMI > 40. BMI 35-40 if comorbidities. BMI 30 if newly diagnosed T2D. If other treatments haven’t worked for 6 months. Fit for surgery and anaesthesia. Long term commitments after surgery.
- First line for BMI>50.
What is gastric bypass? how does it work?
top of stomach connected to small intestine. feel full faster and absorb less calories
what is gastric band? how does it work?
band placed on stomach, so feel full faster
what is sleeve gastrectomy? how does it work?
part of stomach removed so feel full faster
What is the order of effectiveness of these surgeries?
Gastric bypass > sleeve gastrectomy > gastric band
