Obedience AO3 Flashcards
What did Orne and Holland argue that Milgram’s research had?
Low Internal Validity - Ppts didn’t believe that shocks were real
Who supported Orne and Holland’s claim of obedience?
Perry - listened to recordings of Milgram’s study, may expressed their doubts
What did Milgram report that counter-acts Orne’s and Hollands claim?
Reported that 70% of his ppts said that they believed that the shocks were genuine.
What makes Milgram’s study have good internal validity?
The relationship between the authority figure and the ppt - it reflects wider authority relationships in real life.
What research supports the claim that Milgram’s study has high external validity?
Hofling et al - nurses’ obedience levels were high when demands were given by doctors.
What successfully replicated Milgram’s study?
The French TV show ‘The Game of Death’
What happened in the Game of Death?
What does it do to Milgram’s study?
Ppts paid to give electric shocks to actors in front of a studio audience.
80% went to the highest voltage
Increases the reliability
Whose research supported Milgram’s variations?
Bickman’s - confeds dressed in diff uniforms and asked people on the street to preform diff tasks .
People x2 more likely to listen to the confed dressed as a security guard
Milgram’s Study was replicated…
…across cultures
Who conducted Milgram’s Study in Spain?
What did they find?
Miranda et al.
90% obedience rate in Spanish students
What is a counter point for the cross-cultural evaluation for Milgram’s Study?
Only been replicated in Western cultures
Smith and Bond
Who had research to support the Agentic state?
Blass and Schmitt - asked ppts to identify who they felt was responsible for the harm in Milgram’s study. Most common ans was the ‘experimenter’ b/c he had the expert authority.
*recognised the obedience happened b/c of the legitimate authority
What is a limitation of Agentic Shift?
Doesn’t explain many findings - doesn’t explain why some ppts did not obey
Doesn’t explain Hofling’s findings.
What is a strength of Legitimacy of Authority?
It’s a useful account of cultural differences, increasing the validity
In Australia only 16% went to the highest voltage; In Germany 85% did - reflects how diff societies perceive authority figures
What does Milgram’s and Elm’s interviews of F-scale ppts support?
The authoritarian personality
*But only a correlation, other factors may be involved e.g. low level of education
