Ob Midterm 2

Question 1

What are the three dimensions used to assesses someone’s trustworthiness

Answer 1

1. Ability
2. Benevolence
3. Integrity

Question 2

What is Benevolence?

Answer 2

The belief that the authority wants what is best for the trustor, apart from any selfish or profit-centred motives

Question 3

What is integrity

Answer 3

The belief that the authority operates in a way that adheres to the ethical values of the trustor

Question 4

What is ability

Answer 4

Ability is the skills, competencies, and areas of expertise that enable an authority to be successful In some specific areas

Question 5

What are the three types of organizational power

Answer 5

• Legitimate power, reward power, and coercive power

Question 6

What is reward power

Answer 6

Is when someone has control over the resources or rewards another person wants

Question 7

What is coercive power?

Answer 7

Is when a person has control over punishment in an organization

Question 8

What is legitimate power?

Answer 8

Power that comes from a position of authority inside the organization (sometimes referred to as formal authority)

Question 9

What are two forms of personal power?

Answer 9

1. Expert power 2. Referent power

Question 10

What is referent power?

Answer 10

Is when others have a desire to identify and be associated with a person, generally derived from affection, admiration, or loyalty swords a specific individual

Question 11

What is expert power?

Answer 11

Is when people have a high level of knowledge and skill which others depend on

Question 12

What are the two basic types of knowledge and describe?

Answer 12

1. Explicit knowledge- knowledge that can be easily transferable, codified and recorded so it can be shared
2. Tacit knowledge- knowledge that can be difficult to transfer and often required from personal experiences

Question 13

What are the steps of the 4 component model of ethical decision making?

Answer 13

1. Moral awareness
2. Moral judgement
   3.Moral intent
3. Ethical behaviour

Question 14

What is moral awareness?

Answer 14

The process of acknowledging that there is a moral issue occurring

Question 15

What is moral judgement?

Answer 15

The process of whether a given course of action is right or wrong

Question 16

What is moral intent?

Answer 16

Moral intent reflects an authority’s degree of commitment to the moral course of action ( commit to a decision )

Question 17

What are three tactics that you could use to influence the senior executive to accept her decision?

Answer 17

1. Rational persuasion- is the use of hard facts to influence the senior executive to agree with Emily’s decisions
2. Inspirational Appeals- is connecting to the ideas and values of the senior executive to agree and be inspired by her decision
3. Consultation- occurs when the senior executive is allowed to participate in deciding how to carry out or implement a request

Question 18

Name & briefly describe three types of teams?

Answer 18

1. Work teams- are permanent teams that work together to produce goods and provide services (ex would be a sales team)
2. Parallel teams- are teams that are composed of members from different jobs, who offer advice to managers on issues that align “parallel” to the organization’s main production process
3. Project teams - teams that are formed for one-time complex tasks, that require input from members with different skills and expertise
4. Action teams - perform short term tasks that are complex and take place in highly visible or challenging situations

Question 19

What are the five conflict resolution styles

Answer 19

1. Competing- win-lose
2. Avoiding - lose-lose
3. Collaborating- win-win
4. accommodating- lose-win
5. Compromising

Question 20

What is Accommodating and how could sarah use this to resolve the issues described in the case?

Answer 20

Accommodating is when one party gives in to the other, acting unselfishly, often when the issue isn’t really important to them but matters a lot to the other party. Sarah could use accommodating to resolve issues when she is lacking power and giving in is a better long term strategy, or when she wants to maintain a good relationship or demonstrate reasonableness. Additionally, Sarah might choose to use accommodating when she comes to conclusion her solutions is wrong or when an alternative is better.

Question 21

What is Competing and how could sarah use this to resolve the issues described in the case?

Answer 21

Competing - is when one party attempts to get their own goals met without concern for the other party’s results. Sarah can use competing to resolve issues when she needs to make a quick decision and knows she’s right with no middle ground by exercising a position of power

Question 22

What is Collaboration and how could sarah use this to resolve the issues described in the case?

Answer 22

Collaboration is when both parties work together to maximize outcomes and is considered the most effective as well as is seen as a win-win form of conflict resolution. Sarah could use collaboration to resolve issues when both parties have legitimate concerns and compromise will not solve the conflict, when different perspectives can lead to a better alternative, or she could use it when building commitment by working towards a consequence decision.

Question 23

What is Compromising and how could sarah use this to resolve the issues described in the case?

Answer 23

Compromising involves resolving conflicts through give - and - take concessions, where each party gains & loses something. Compromising is a common form of conflict resolution that maintains relations and typically results in favorable evaluations for leaders. Sarah could use compromising to resolve issue when a strong approach isn’t worth the potential damage, both parties are equally committed and powerful, or other approaches haven’t been effective.

Question 24

What are the 4 dimensions of justice?

Answer 24

l. Distributive justice
2. Procedural Justice
3. Interpersonal Justice
4. Informational Justice

Question 25

What is distributive Justice?

Answer 25

Distributive Justice refers to the perceived fairness of decision- making outcomes around things like pay, rewards, performance reviews, promotions, and work assignments. It involves assessing whether these outcomes are allocated, according to appropriate norms, such as equity, equality, or need, depending on the specific context and goals.

Question 26

What is informational Justice?

Answer 26

Refers to the perceived fairness of the communication provided to employees from authorities within an organization and it involves adhering to two particular rules. The justification rule, which requires explaining the decision, making procedures and outcomes, comprehensively and reasonably, and the truthfulness rule which requires those communications to be honest and candid.

Question 27

What is interpersonal Justice

Answer 27

Interpersonal justice is the perceived fairness of the treatment of employees by authorities. It is fostered when employees adhere to two key rules:the respect rule where employees are treated in a dignified and respected manner and the ability proprietary rule where employers avoid inappropriate behaviour or offensive remarks.

Question 28

What are the 4 components of the behavioural modelling process?

Answer 28

1. Attentional - learner focuses attention on the critical behaviors, exhibited by the model
2. Retention – learner must remember the behaviours of the model once the model is no longer present
3. Production- learner must have the appropriate skill set and be able to reproduce the behavior.
4. Reinforcement Dash the learner must view the model receiving reinforcement for the behavior, and then receive it themselves.