OB--EXAM 1 Flashcards
♣ The core concept of women and family center care are:
- Dignity
- Respect
- Information sharing
- Participation
- Collaboration
♣ Nurses need to remember that _____ _____ is a key part in effective communication
active listening
• your way is the best way
ethnocentrism
When a person learns about the client’s preferences and their beliefs, a plan of care needs to be made by both the nurse or the family and the nurse and they need to work out certain things that the family is adamant about
Cultural relativism
♣ is a skill.
It involves respecting the differences others may have regarding religion, ethnicity, and ethno culture.
encourages uniqueness and values every culture
cultural competence
o care for the elderly or the infirm
medicare
aid for the poverty or situational crisis
medicaid
The priority in a home visit is to
obtain information that helps to create a comprehensive client profile
home visit usually lasts
1 hour
the 2 most important components of home care.
Safety and infection control
♣ The nurse should regard their personal safety as
priority number one.
what approach in well woman care
holistic
o Includes health needs throughout lifetime
well woman care
o OBGYN for needs as women age
physical exams
age-appropriate screenings
health promotion
o Usually enter for care 1st for
pap test or use of contraceptives.
spacing btwn pregnancies
18-23 months
o Usually one of the main reasons that a woman would seek treatment
menstrual problems
o This is seeking care prior to a pregnancy
preconception counseling and care
• If the mom is drinking during pregnancy,____ may occur.
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
if mom smokes
low birth weight babies
babies addicted to nicotine
caffeine restriction should be
200 ml per day
fetal organ development occurs how many days after fertilization
17-56
o It is recommended that prenatal care be obtained within
12 weeks.
goals of prenatal counseling
o determining health status of mother and fetus
o Calculate the gestational age
Monitor fetal development
o Once infertility has been diagnosed
refer mom to specialist
o The transitional period to menopause
perimenopause
why do women seek treatment for perimenopause
hot flashes
why do women get hot flashes?
decrease in estrogen
♣ Babies of teens can be at risk because
teenage moms are not as prepared to take care of the baby.
♣ Women past the age of 35: can be more susceptible to
developing diabetes and having babies with Down syndrome.
black women
sickle cell anemia
women btwn ____ can be more susceptible to alcohol issues
21-34
how much folic acid
0.4 mg
food with folic acid
green leafy veggies
whole grains
fruits
when to start folic acid
8 weeks into PG
which method gives you 100% protection against STDs
none
o Directly linked to STDs
♣ Infertility ♣ Ectopic pregnancy ♣ Neonatal death ♣ Genital cancers ♣ AIDS
o These conditions may develop during pregnancy and can cause harm to the woman and unborn baby.
♣ Diabetes
♣ Hypertensive disorders
♣ Seizure disorders
o can cause miscarriage, preterm labor, or problems with fetus.
♣ Can cause infertility
Pelvic inflammatory disesase & endometriosis
o Other conditions could cause miscarriage, preterm labor or problems with the fetus
♣ Incompetent cervix
♣ Bleeding disorders
♣ Uterine fibroids
♣ Abnormalities of the uterus.
♣ Toxoplasmosis can occur when
eating raw or rare meat
handles feces of the cat
♣ Normally the target of the violence is the ______ so bleeding is a health risk.
abdomen
o The problem is greater than statistics show because it is often
unrecorded.
how to ask women you think has been abused why they came in?
o “what brings you here today”?
• Pelvic examination during pregnancy
o Pap test at first prenatal visit
o A pap smear will not be done if the hysterectomy was done _______.
for a benign disease.
mammograms when?
annually after 40
o After age 50 they start screening for
bone density.
o Microscopic test for cancer cells
Papanicolaou (Pap) test
Papanicolaou (Pap) test obtains cell from
cervis
endocervix
mucous membranes
what to instruct women before Papanicolaou (Pap) test
don’t douche
use vag medications
or has sex 24-48 hours prior to exam
o The cycle of violence – 3 phases
- Tension building
- Battery
- Honeymoon period where the man would be very loving, and kind.
- (Today we no longer use this model because it is not thought to be accurate as to exactly what is happening).
♣ Women who survive these beatings often meet the criteria for _____
PTSD
Most homicide occurs once the woman
actually leaves the home.
♣ This is often a time when abuse starts due to the stress
pregnancy
♣ Maternal complications that come from abuse
- Depression
- Suicide
- Infections
- May turn to substances
- Secondary symptoms such as fatigue
ABCDES
alone belief confidentiality document education safety
a broad term that describes many forms of sexual abuse.
sexual violence
the intentional, unwanted, completed or attempted, touching the genitalia of another person.
sexual assault
a legal term, this is used for forced sexual intercourse, or penetration of the mouth, anus or vagina or even a body part, anything that gets penetrated without the woman’s permission.
rape
___% of college women said they were raped at some point in their college career.
25
o this consists of non-coitus sexual activity between a child and an adolescent or an adult.
molestations
o involves the penetration involved in rape to a person 18 or over to a person under the age of consent. The age of consent varies from state to state.
statutory rape
o Why do men rape?
risk factors?
- Raped or molested as a child
- Abused some other way when they were a child
- Been raised to see women as sexual objects
- May have been raised to see women in a hostile way
- May think that the way a woman is dressed is asking to be raped
♣ Three phases of rape trauma victims
acute phase
outward adjustment phase
long-term process: reorganization
when the rape occurs, this phase starts. It can last for several days – up to three weeks. The woman will be in shock, denial, she will be in a state of disbelief. She might feel embarrassed, degraded, angry, fearful and vengeful. She might want to douche or shower to wash away the evidence.
acute phase
• Will look like she has recovered from the event. Might go back to work, continue normal routines. She will probably either buy a weapon, self-defense classes, install an alarm system. She also may not stop talking about the rape at this point, or she may not talk about it at all at this point. She may make radical changes, quit her job, move out of her house, may never want to step out of the house or be alone. She can develop sexual problems where she sees sex as something she does not want.
outward adjustment phase
• When she becomes depressed and anxious. She will discuss the rape one on one with someone at this point; she loses that denial and fear of being alone or in a crowd. She may develop nightmares and eating disorders. Recovery from a rape can take years and it is a very painful process. She no longer blames herself in this phase. These phases can also fluctuate back and forth.
reorganization
- Absence of menstrual flow
* Often a result of pregnancy
amenorrhea
two categories of amenorrhea
primary & secondary
