OB and GYN Key terms Flashcards
region including the fallopian tube and ovary
adnexa
region of the pelvis located above the pelvic brim
false pelvis
the one fimbriae attached to the ovary
fimbriae ovarica
a bony ridge on the inner surface of the ilium and pubic bones that divides the true and false pelvis
iliopectineal line
extension of the double layer of peritoneum between visceral organs
ligament
onset of menstrual cycle
menarche
cessation of menses
menopause
the surface region in both males and females between the pubic symphysis and the coccyx; area below the pelvic floor
perineum
time before the onset of menstrual cycle
premenarche
refers to the process of physical changes by which a child’s body becomes an adult body capable of reproduction
puberty
region of the pelvis found below the pelvic brim
true pelvis
absence of menstruation
amenorrhea
scar from previous corpus luteum
corpus albicans
a fluid structure formed from the graafian follicle after ovulation; produces progesterone
corpus luteum
protusion within the graafian follicle containing the oocyte
cumulus oophorus
painful menses
dysmenorrhea
hormone secreted by the follicle, promoting growth of the endometrium
estrogen
functional or physiological ovulatory cyst consisting of an ovum surrounded by a layer of cells
follicle
hormone that stimulates growth and maturation of the graafian follicle(s)
follicle stimulating hormonde
mature follicle containing a cumulus mass with a single oocyte
graafian follicle
hormone that stimulates ovulation
luteinizing hormone
the last menstrual cycle
menopause
abnormally heavy or long menses
menorrhagia
monthly cyclic changes in the female reproductive system typically 28 days in length
menstrual cycle
term used to describe pelvic pain preceding oculation
mittelschmerx
time between monthly menstrual cycles that exceeds 35 days
oligomenorrhea
explosive release of an ovum from a ruptured graafian follicle
ovulation
transition period occurring several years before menopause
perimenopausal
time between monthly menstrual cycles that is fewer than 21 days
polymenorrhea
an unusually early onset of puberty
precocious puberty
hormone that helps to prepare and maintain the endometrium
progesterone
benign invasive glowth of endometrium into the myometrium
adenomyosis
intrauterine adhesions ablating the endometrial lining
Asherman syndrome
small cyst within the vagina
Gartner duct cyst
blood accumulation in the vagina
hematocolpos
blood accumulation in the uterus
hematometra
blood accumulation in the uterus and vagina
hematometrocolpos
proliferation of the endrometrial lining
hyperplasia
mass distorting the myometrium; most common location
intramural leiomyoma
most common benign gynecological tumor of the myometrium
leiomyoma
combination of pleural effusion, ascites, and an ovarian mass that resolve after surgery
Meigs syndrome
mass distorting the endometrium; least common but most likely to cause symptoms
submucosal leiomyoma
mass found on the serosal surface of the uterus
subserosal leiomyoma
entiestrogen medication used in treating breast cancer
tamoxifen
a term used to describe the sonographic appearance of a dense ovarian dermoid tumor
Tip or the iceberg```
a collection of extravated endometrial tissue
endometrioma
a condition occurring when active endometrial tissue invades the peritoneal cavity
endometriosis
a substitute for luteinizing hormone used in fertility assistance to trigger ovulation
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
dilatation of the fallopian tube with fluid
hydrosalpinx
an anomalous sac protruding from the ileum; caused by an incomplete closure of the yolk stalk
Meckel diverticulum
a general classification for inflammatory conditions of the cervix, uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and peritoneal surfaces
pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
inflammation within the fallopian tubes
salpingitis
scarring caused by previous dilation and curettage or spontaneous abortion; demonstrated as hyperechoic band of echoes within the endometrial cavity
synechia
firsts trimester pregnancy loss
abortion
extra embryonic membrane that lines the chorion and contains the fetus and amniotic fluid
amnion
consists of an outer trophoblast and an inner cell mass
blastocyst
fetal heart rate below 90 beats per minute
bradycardia
outermost of the fetal membrane;
ultimately shrinks and is obliterated by the amnion between the 12-16 weeks
chorion
name applie to the endometrium during pregnancy
decidua
portion of the endometrium on which the implanted conceptus rests
decidua basalis
decidua that covers the surface of the implanted conceptus
decidua capsularis
decidua exclusive of the area occupied by the implanted conceptus ; aka decidua vera
decidua perietalis
composed of the decidua capsularis and decidua parietalis; thick hyperechoic rim surrounding a sonolucency ; indicative of an intrauterine pregnancy
double decidua sign
term used for a developing zygote through the tenth week of gestation
embryo
length of time based on conception
embryological age
gestational weeks 6-10
embryonic phase
visualization of the amniotic cavity without the presence of an embryo
empty amnion sign
length of time calculated from the first day of the last menstrual period
gestational age
fluid-filled structure normally found in the uterus, containing the pregnancy
gestational sac
refers to the number of times a woman has been pregnant including the current pregnancy , if applicable
gravidity
pregnancy located within the uterus
intrauterine pregnancy (IUP)
solid mass of cells formed by cleavage of the fertilized ovum
morula
the sonographic appearance of subcutaneous accumulation of fluid behind the fetal neck in the first trimester of pregnancy; increases associated with chromosomal and other abnormalities
nuchal translucency
refers to the number of live births
parity
centrally located endometrial fluid collection demonstrated with a coexisting ectopic pregnancy
pseudogestational sac
fetal heart rate exceeding 170 beats per minute
tachycardia
provides nutrients to the embryo and is the initial site of alpha-fetoprotein
yolk sac (YS)
