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Oateoarthritis Flashcards

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1
Q

Most common type of arthritis?

A

Osteoarthritis

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2
Q

What mean osteoarthritis?

A

Develops due to deterioration (تدهور) of cartilage

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3
Q

شو بالظبط الي بيدهور في مريض ال osteoarthritis

A

Articular cartilage

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4
Q

كل لما يجيك مصطلح osteoarthritis بتعرف انو مكان الاتهاب في

A

Cartilage (الغضروف)

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5
Q

كل لما تحرك ايدك فا انت هيك بتحرك

A

Hyaline cartilage

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6
Q

الطبيعي انو وانت بتحرك ايدك او رجلك ما يكون عندك اعراض زي

A

Pain and stiffness

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7
Q

كيف عاملة (cartilage) الطبيعية للانسان

A

بيكون في مسافة بين العظم علشان ما يحتك في بعضوا

بيكون عنا كمان السائل بين العظم واسمو synovial liquid وهاض الي بيمنع الاحتكاك بين الغضروف

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8
Q

شو اسم السائل الي موجود بين الغروف وبيساعد على الحركة وعدم الاحتكاك

A

Synovial liquid

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9
Q

اجاك مريض عندوا osteoarthritis شو بتلاقي عندوا

A

السائل مو موجود (synovial) فا بالتالي الغضروف بيحك في بعضوا
Low joint space
Bone spur formation(osteophytes)
Sclerosis of bone(abnormal hardening)
ممكن كمان انو ال cartilage breaking off تطلع من مكانها

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10
Q

osteophytes

A

ايشي بطلع بسبب الاتهاب عند spine or around joints

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11
Q

Sign and symptoms osteoarthritis

A

Hard bony joints
Pain
Severe stiffness
Not symmetrical

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12
Q

Another term for osteoarthritis ?

A

Degenerative joint disease (decrease cartilage around bone)

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13
Q

Osteoarthritis Most commonly occurs in

A

Hand
Knees
Hip
Spine

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14
Q

امتى بتصير ال osteoarthritis
كل ٥ دقايق
في اليوم مرتين

A

Overtime

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15
Q

لما نحكي weight -bearing joint على شو بنشير

A

Hand-knees-hips-spine

علشان هدول الي بنشيل فيهم اوزان فا هما المعرضين لمرض ال osteoarthritis

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16
Q

لما نيجي نحكي عن الosteoarthritis انو not symmetrical شو بنقصد

A

انو لو اجا على بيجي في مكان واحد مثلاً انو بيجي بايدك الشمال بس برجلك الجمال بس ما بيجي مايدك الشمال واليمين وهكذا

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17
Q

لما نيجي نحكي عن الosteoarthritis انو not systemic شو بنقصد

A

انو ما بيصاحبوا مثلاً حرارة او اي مرض بالقلب او الرئة او انيميا وكل هدول بنشوفهم بال rheumatoid arthritis

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18
Q

Risk factor osteoarthritis

A

Older age 40+

Repeated joint injury

Strenuous jobs like (nursing) because we are on our feet for 12 hours shifts nurse can struggle with osteoarthritis of knees

Overweight

Genetic

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19
Q

Osteoarthritis like rheumatoid arthritis there is

A

1-No cure

2-The damage that done can’t be reversed

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20
Q

Nursing interventions for osteoarthritis

A

Exercise + losing weight + medication like (injection of corticosteroid + topicals creams + NSAIDs
Surgery for sever patient

21
Q

NSAIDs what means

A

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

22
Q

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use for

A

Relieve pain + reduce inflammation

23
Q

Surgery for osteoarthritis like what?

A

Joint replacement can replace the hip of knee

24
Q

Procedure for osteoarthritis

A

Arthroscopic surgery

25
Q

What do in Arthroscopic surgery

A

Remove those fragments of cartilage to help improve symptoms

26
Q

Diagnosing for osteoarthritis

A

.

27
Q

هل الاجهزة بتشخص المريض بتاع الosteoarthritis مرة واحدة

A

There not really one conclusive test that can diagnosis osteoarthritis they have to look several things

28
Q

شو بنستخدم جهاز علشان نعرف انو عندوا osteoarthritis

A

X-ray

29
Q

شو بيورينا ال x-ray

A

Assess joint space لو كان قليل
Presence of osteophytes
Integrity of bone سلامة العظام انو مافي شي طالع برا مكانوا
Sclerosis of bone

30
Q

الx-ray ما بتورينا ايشي شو هو

A

X-ray only show bones you can’t look the cartilage

31
Q

Signs and symptoms (osteo)

A

Outgrowth(bony)from bone spurs
1-heberdens node 2-bouchard node
Sunrise stiffness less than 30 minutes morning stiffness
Pain stiffness worst end the day because moving around using those knee using hips
Tenderness when touching joint site bone (overgrowth) but you’re not going to see warmth or boggy soft site

32
Q

heberdens node مكانها وين؟

A

Distal interphalangeal joints

33
Q

bouchard node وين مكانها

A

Proximal interphalangeal joints

34
Q

More than 30 minutes stiffness we found in

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

35
Q
  1. Osteoarthritis develops due to the deterioration of the synovium within the joint that can lead to complete bone fusion.*
A

F

36
Q
  1. Which patients below are at risk for developing osteoarthritis? Select-all-that-apply:*
    A. A 65 year old male with a BMI of 35.
    B. A 59 year old female with a history of taking long term doses of corticosteroids.
    C. A 55 year old male with a history of repeated right knee injuries.
    D. A 60 year old female with high uric acid levels.
A

The answers are A and C. The risk factors for developing OA include: older age, being overweight (BMI >25), repeated injuries to the weight bearing joints, genetics. Option B is at risk for osteoporosis, and option D is at risk for gout.

37
Q
  1. During a head-to-toe assessment of a patient with osteoarthritis, you note bony outgrowths on the distal interphalangeal joints. You document these findings as:

A. Bouchard’s Nodes

B. Heberden’s Nodes

C. Neurofibromatosis

D. Dermatofibromas

A

The answer is B. Bony outgrowths found on the DISTAL interphalangeal joint (closest to the fingernail and furthest away from the body) is called Heberden’s Node. If the bony outgrowth was found on the PROXIMAL interphalangeal joint (middle joint of the finger…closest to the body) it is called Bouchard’s Node

38
Q
  1. A patient with osteoarthritis is describing their signs and symptoms. Which signs and symptoms below are NOT associated with osteoarthritis? Select-all-that-apply:

A. Morning stiffness greater than 30 minutes

B. Experiencing grating during joint movement

C. Fever and Anemia

D. Symmetrical joint involvement

E. Pain and stiffness tends to be worst at the end of the day

A

The answers are: A, C, D. These options are signs and symptoms found with rheumatoid arthritis NOT osteoarthritis. In OA: morning stiffness is LESS than 30 minutes, it is NOT systemic as RA (so fever and anemia will not be present), and it is asymmetrical (both joints are not involved). Pain and stiffness will actually be worst at the end of the day compared to the beginning due to overuse of the joints.

39
Q
  1. A patient with osteoarthritis has finished their first physical therapy session. As the nurse you want to evaluate the patient’s understanding of the type of exercises they should be performing regularly at home as self-management. Select all the appropriate types of exercise stated by the patient:

A. Jogging

B. Water aerobics

C. Weight Lifting

D. Tennis

E. Walking

A

The answers are B, C, E. The patient wants to perform exercises that are low impact like: walking, water aerobics, stationary bike riding along with strengthen training (lifting weights: helps strengthen muscles around the joint), ROM: improves the mobility of the joint and decreases stiffness. It is important patients with OA avoid high impact exercises that will increase stress on weight bearing joints such as running/jogging, jump rope, tennis, or any type of exercise with both feet off the ground.

40
Q
  1. A 63 year old patient has severe osteoarthritis in the right knee. The patient is scheduled for a knee osteotomy. You are providing pre-op teaching about this procedure to the patient. Which statement made by the patient is correct about this procedure?

A. “This procedure will realign the knee and help decrease the amount of weight experienced on my right knee.”

B. “A knee osteotomy is also called a total knee replacement.”

C. “A knee osteotomy is commonly performed for patients who have osteoarthritis in both knees.”

D. “This procedure will realign the unaffected knee and help alleviate the amount of weight experienced on the right knee.”

A

The answer is A. A knee osteotomy is NOT known as a total knee replacement. A knee osteotomy can be used as an alternative for a total knee replacement but is not the same thing. In addition, a knee osteotomy is performed when there is OA on only one side of the knee.

41
Q
  1. A patient newly diagnosed with osteoarthritis asks about the medication treatments for their condition. Which medication is NOT typically prescribed for OA?

A. NSAIDs

B. Topical Creams

C. Oral corticosteroids

D. Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

A

The answer is C. Intra-articular corticosteroids (an injection in the joint) are commonly prescribed rather than oral corticosteroids. Remember OA in within the joint…not systemic so oral corticosteroids are not as effective. All the other medications listed are prescribed in OA.

42
Q
  1. You receive your patient back from radiology. The patient had an x-ray of the hips and knees for the evaluation of possible osteoarthritis. What findings would appear on the x-ray if osteoarthritis was present? Select-all-that-apply:

A. Increased joint space

B. Osteophytes

C. Sclerosis of the bone

D. Abnormal sites of hyaline cartilage

A

The answers are B and C. The joint space would be DECREASED not increased in OA. In addition, an x-ray cannot show hyaline cartilage…therefore, the cartilage cannot be assessed on an x-ray. The radiologist would be looking for osteophytes (bone spurs), sclerosis of the bone (abnormal hardening of the bones), and decreased joint space.

43
Q

Nursing interventions for osteoarthritis

A

1- assessing signs and symptoms like(pain)
٢- نشوف مدا تأثيروا على المريض ممكن يكون عندوا اكتئاب - انو ما بيقدر يعنل ايشي نفسوا فيه
3-physical therapy exercise
4- avoid high impact: running + jogging + jump rope
5- heat and cold compresses
6- tell patient don’t overuse those joints
٧- لو كان تخين انصحوا ان يكون BMIاقل من 25

44
Q

physical therapy exercise for osteoarthritis what benefits?

A

Improve mental health with decrease pain and increase mobility

45
Q

شو انواع الرياضة الي يعملوها مرضى الosteoarthritis

A

Walking
Bike ride
Weight lifting

46
Q

Medication for osteoarthritis

A

1-Intra-articular injection ( corticosteroids)

2-NSAIDs

47
Q

كيف تعطى intra-articular injection

A

بينعطى في الjoints وبيقلل الاتهاب في tendons and ligaments

48
Q

What problem for NSAIDs in long term ?

A

Affect cardiovascular health
GI problem (Gi bleeding)
Tell patient watch out for dark stools

Nurse (10 decks)

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