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Nurse > Hypertension > Flashcards

Hypertension Flashcards

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1
Q

Normal blood pressure

A

120/80

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2
Q

Pre HTN

A

120-139/80-89

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3
Q

Stage 1

A

140-159/90-99

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4
Q

Stage 2

A

> 160/>100

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5
Q

High blood pressure effect major organ system (Cake )

A

1- CHF
2- Stoke
3- renal failure
4- retina change

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6
Q

Causes of hypertension Primary

A 
1- Race( black male)
2- increase NA+
3- Smokers 
4- stress
5- family history 
6- high cholesterol 
7- too much caffeine 
8- obesity
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7
Q

Causes of hypertension ( secondary)

A

1- pregnancy
2- cushing syndrome
3- chronic renal failure
4- DM

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8
Q

in Chronic hypertension patient will see symptoms like

A

Blurry vision
Headache
Chest pain

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9
Q

What is hypertension

A

The amount of resistance of blood pumping through the arteries

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10
Q

HTN known as

A

Silent killer

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11
Q

ليش بيأثر الضغط على القلب وبيعمل CHF

A

Overworking of the heart muscle and what happens is your ventricular enlargement

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12
Q

ليش الضغط ممكن يكون طاير بالسما وما بيظهر اعراض على المريض

A

علشان بيكون لسا ما اثر على اي جهاز مثل القلب او الكلى اواواو

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13
Q

لما نيجي نقيس الضغط شو الطريقة الصحيح لما نيجي نتاكد من صحة القراءة

A

Measure both arm and make sure patient resting and they haven’t smoked before measured because smoking causes vasoconstriction

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14
Q

Nursing management (assess)

A

Measure BP
Family history
Change in sensory (eyes+ears) بيسمع /بيشوف
Cheek BMI
شوف هل بيباخد الدوا الي الدكتور كاتبلو اياه

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15
Q

BMI normal

A

18.5/25

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16
Q

In BMI obesity

A

30 and above

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17
Q

In BMI overweight

A

25 to 30

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18
Q

In BMI underweight is

A

18.5 below

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19
Q

Education part for patient with hypertension

A

Limiting Na+ and caffeine intake
Smoking cessation
Exercise program
Measure BP and keeping records

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20
Q

Pharmacological management for hypertension

A

Thiazides diuretic

ACE inhibitors

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21
Q

لو كان المريض جديد بالضغط شو بنعمل

A

Non-pharmacological techniques will used for 1 to 3 months while monitoring BP before starting medication

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22
Q

What is Thiazides do ?

A

Remove water and Na+ via kidney

Waste potassium

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23
Q

Thiazides example

A

Hydrochlorothiazide

Chlorthalidone

24
Q

Thiazides لا تستخدم

A

Not for patient with renal failure
Watch lithium level (if on lithium)
علشان الليثم والصوديوم بيطلعوا مع بعض من الكلية

25
Q

نصيحة لمريض الي بيوخذ thiazides

A

Consume enough potassium

26
Q

الthiazides بينتهي بشو

A

Iazide

27
Q

ACE inhibitors بتنتهي بشو

A

Pril

28
Q

شو طريقة عمل ACE inhibitors

A

Prevent vasoconstriction by Block angiotensin 1 and angiotensin 2 receptors

29
Q

Education for ACE inhibitors

A

Dry cough
Avoid potassium (because drug already retain potassium)
Take 1 hour before meals especially: captopril,moexipril

30
Q

Angiotensin receptors blockers (ARB) what end

A

Sartan

31
Q

Angiotensin receptors blockers (ARB) what do.

A

Block aldosterone and angiotensin receptor this will help lower BP

32
Q

لو انزعج المريض من ACE inhibitors شو بنعطيه

A

ARB

33
Q

Calcium channel blockers end…

A

Dipine

34
Q

Calcium channel blockers how work

A

Lower heart rates and decrease workload on the heart which causes vasodilation

35
Q

في ال Calcium channel blockers how work اخلي بالي من شو

A

Bradycardia

36
Q

Normal heart rate for adults

A

60 to 100 beats per minutes

37
Q

Beta blockers end ?

A

Olol

38
Q

Beta blockers how works

A

Block epinephrine which blocks sympathetic system of heart what that causes heart to do keep a nice slow heart rate /decrease workload on the heart cause vasodilation

39
Q

History of asthma or COPD should not take these drug!

A

Beta blockers

40
Q

ليش ما بنعطي مريض asthma and copd ال beta blockers

A

علشان ال beta blockers زي ماهي موجودة في القلب برضوا موجودة في ال lung ولو استخدمتوا فا انت كدا عملت block for bronchodilation وهيك راح تعمل bronchoconstriction which can send them into asthma attack

41
Q

Beta blockers education for patient with

A

Diabetes …. education them for watching their glucose level regular

42
Q

At what age should you have your first screening for high blood pressure?

A

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends that a healthy adult get a first blood pressure check at age 18. If your blood pressure is normal at that time, and you do not have diabetes or other risk factors, you should then get your blood pressure checked every year

43
Q

The numbers in a blood pressure reading?

A

Vary, depending on the time of day your blood pressure is checked.

44
Q
  1. At what point is blood pressure considered “high”?
A

130 over 80

45
Q

High blood pressure is the main cause of which of these?

A

Stroke

46
Q 
Which of these contribute to high blood pressure?
A. Getting a lot of vitamin C
B. Drinking a lot of alcohol
C. Getting a lot of calcium
D. All of the above
A

Excessive drinking increases heart rate. This puts pressure on vessel walls. Three to five drinks a day over a long period can cause high blood pressure.

47
Q

In which age group of men does the risk for high blood pressure go up?

A

50 to 59.

Aging directly relates to an increase in risk. Men tend to see their blood pressure go up in their 50s. Women’s blood pressure tends to increase in their 60s.

48
Q

What can you do to control high blood pressure?
A. Get to and stay at a healthy weight
B. Exercise regularly
C. Take the blood pressure medicine prescribed by your doctor
D. All of the above

A

D

49
Q

You shouldn’t exercise if you have high blood pressure.

True or false

A

F

50
Q

You get high blood pressure from stress.

True or false

A

F

51
Q

You can feel it when your blood pressure starts to go up ?

True or false

A

F

52
Q

The bottom number is the only one that matters in high blood pressure.
True or false

A

F

53
Q

If you have high blood pressure, you have to take medication

True or false

A

F

54
Q

High blood pressure causes kidney disease.

True or false

A

T

55
Q

Cutting back on table salt is the best way to cut sodium.

True or false

A

F

Nurse (10 decks)

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