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OAE Test 1 > OAE professional Knowledge > Flashcards

OAE professional Knowledge Flashcards

0
Q

Behaviorism instructional strategies

A

Reword system, lights off, do homework

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1
Q

Action research

A

Research used to solve a specific classroom or school problem, improve teaching and other educational strategies, Or make a decision at a specific level

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2
Q

Behaviorism: decreasing negative behavior

A

Removing desirable stimuli, present adverse stimulus

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3
Q

Behaviorism: increasing positive behavior

A

Novel and natural reinforcers, premac principle, use a schedule, continuous and timely, contracts, prompts, shaping

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4
Q

Case study

A

An in-depth look at an individual

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5
Q

Cognitive constructivist instructional strategies

A

Project-based learning, problem-based learning

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6
Q

Components of experimental research

A

Independent variable, dependent variable, experimental group, control group, random assignment

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7
Q

Components of portfolios

A

Artifacts reproductions, attestations, productions

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8
Q

Control group

A

The group whose experience is treated in every way like the experimental group except for the manipulated factor

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9
Q

Correlational research

A

Research that describes the strength of the relationship between two or more events or characteristics

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10
Q

Dependent variable

A

The factor that is measured in an experiment

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11
Q

Diana versus California

A

Plaintiff (Spanish-speaking student) challenged fairness of IQ test given in English; didn’t go to court, but resulted in statewide action by school

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12
Q

Thorndike

A

Emphasized assessment, important task of education is to promote children’s reasoning skills, educational psychology must have scientific base

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13
Q

Ethnographic study

A

An in-depth description and interpretation of behavior in an ethnic or a cultural group that includes direct involvement with the participants

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14
Q

Examples of alternative assessment

A
  1. Authentic assessment
  2. Alternative assessment
  3. Portfolio assessment
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15
Q

Examples of formative assessment

A

Anticipation guide, application cards, background knowledge probe, chain notes, directed paraphrasing, exam evaluation, focused listing, gallery walk, memory matrix, muddiest point, quick writes I think pair share, readers theater, empty outlines, word Journal, approximate analogies

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16
Q

Examples of pre-assessment

A

Anticipation guide, concept maps, DRA/running records, drawing, entrance/exit tickets, games, surveys, KWL chart, open ended questioning, prediction, self eval, standardized test scores, discussion, checklist, pre-writing activity

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17
Q

Examples of summative assessment

A

Performance task, written product, oral products, standardized test

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18
Q

Examples of traditional assessment

A

Selected response, constructed response

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19
Q

Experimental group

A

The group whose experience is manipulated in an experiment

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20
Q

Experimental research

A

Research that allows the determinism of the causes of behavior

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21
Q

Fairness

A

Do all students have equal opportunity to demonstrate knowledge/skills?

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22
Q

Formative assessment

A

Occurs during instruction; accommodates student learning rather than just measuring student knowledge

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23
Q

George Sanchez

A

Conducted research showing the intelligence tests were culturally biased against ethnic minority children

24
Guidelines for portfolios
Establish purpose, involve students in selection, review with students, set criteria for evaluation, scoring/judging
25
Guidelines for using performance-based assessment
Establish a clear purpose, identify observable criteria, provide an appropriate setting, judging or scoring the performance
26
Independent variable
The manipulated, influential, experimental factor in an experiment
27
Information processing instructional strategies
Review/memory games, mnemonics
28
John Dewey
Child as an active learner; learning by doing, focused on whole child and the child's adaption to the environment, felt all children deserve to have a competent education
29
Laboratory research
A controlled setting from which many of the complex factors of the real world have been removed
30
Leta Hollingsworth
First used the term gifted
31
Mamie and Kenneth Clark
Conducted research on African-American children's self conceptions and identity, Kenneth Clark was the first African-American president of APA
32
Mixed methods research
Blends quantitative and qualitative research
33
Naturalistic observation
Observation in the real world rather than in a laboratory
34
Negative strategies for formative assessment
Focus on general achievement, attribute success to luck/help, praise predictably, ignore previous achievement, praise publicly, ignore strategies and only focus on outcomes, praise undeservedly, focus on only current performance
35
Participant observation
Observation conducted at the same time the teacher-researcher is actively involved in as a participant in the equity or setting
36
Pavlov
Classical conditioning, unconditioned stimuli, conditioned stimuli, unconditioned response, conditioned response, Pavlov's dogs
37
Positive strategies for formative assessment
Focus on specific accomplishments, attribute success to effort and ability, praise spontaneously, refer to prior achievement, individualize feedback and use a variety of feedback, praise immediately, praise correct strategies, praise accurately, privately, focus on progress
38
Pre-assessment
Evaluation that occurs prior to instruction. The purpose is to determine prior knowledge, student interest/motivation, and inform instruction
39
Problems with punishment
Poor model, negative effect, excessive anxiety, reinforcer, abusive
40
Program evaluation research
Research designed to make decisions about the effectiveness of a particular program
41
Purposes of grading
Administrative, informational, motivational, guidance
42
Qualitative research
Uses words or descriptive methods
43
Quantitative research
Uses numbers or calculations to discover information about a topic
44
Random assignment
The assignment of participants to experimental and control groups by chance
45
Reliability
Does the assessment yield stable and dependable outcomes?
46
Rubric guidelines
Scale of possible points descriptors for each criteria (increases reliability and avoids base to scoring) decide on generic, genre or task specific Decide whether rubric should be longitudinal
47
Skinner
Operant conditioning, reinforcement, punishment, positive reinforcement versus negative reinforcement, presentation punishment versus removal punishment, generalization, discrimination, extinction
48
Social cognitive instructional strategies (with theorist)
Bandura, modeling, observational learning, self-efficacy, reinforcer-reward model + child, self reinforcing statements, self-regulation, self-monitoring
49
Social constructivist instructional strategies
Cross age teaching, peer tutoring, cognitive apprenticeship
50
Standards of comparison
Across students: Norm referenced grading across standards: criterion-referenced grading, standards-based grading
51
Summative assessment
Occurs during instruction, determines what has been learned
52
Teacher as researcher
Teachers conduct their own studies to improve their teaching practices
53
Types of descriptive research
Observation, interviews and questionnaires, standardized test, case studies, ethnographic studies, focus groups, personal journal/diary
54
Types of observational research
Laboratory, naturalistic observation, participant observation
55
Types of performance-based assessment
Direct methods of evaluation, self assessment, group versus individual performance, extended period of time for assessment
56
Validity
Does a test measure what it is intended to measure?
57
William James
Emphasize importance of observing teaching and learning, suggests beginning lessons at a point just beyond a child's level of knowledge and understanding

OAE Test 1 (4 decks)

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