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OAE Test 1 > OAE professional Knowledge > Flashcards

OAE professional Knowledge Flashcards

0
Q

Behaviorism instructional strategies

A

Reword system, lights off, do homework

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1
Q

Action research

A

Research used to solve a specific classroom or school problem, improve teaching and other educational strategies, Or make a decision at a specific level

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2
Q

Behaviorism: decreasing negative behavior

A

Removing desirable stimuli, present adverse stimulus

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3
Q

Behaviorism: increasing positive behavior

A

Novel and natural reinforcers, premac principle, use a schedule, continuous and timely, contracts, prompts, shaping

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4
Q

Case study

A

An in-depth look at an individual

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5
Q

Cognitive constructivist instructional strategies

A

Project-based learning, problem-based learning

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6
Q

Components of experimental research

A

Independent variable, dependent variable, experimental group, control group, random assignment

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7
Q

Components of portfolios

A

Artifacts reproductions, attestations, productions

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8
Q

Control group

A

The group whose experience is treated in every way like the experimental group except for the manipulated factor

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9
Q

Correlational research

A

Research that describes the strength of the relationship between two or more events or characteristics

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10
Q

Dependent variable

A

The factor that is measured in an experiment

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11
Q

Diana versus California

A

Plaintiff (Spanish-speaking student) challenged fairness of IQ test given in English; didn’t go to court, but resulted in statewide action by school

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12
Q

Thorndike

A

Emphasized assessment, important task of education is to promote children’s reasoning skills, educational psychology must have scientific base

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13
Q

Ethnographic study

A

An in-depth description and interpretation of behavior in an ethnic or a cultural group that includes direct involvement with the participants

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14
Q

Examples of alternative assessment

A
  1. Authentic assessment
  2. Alternative assessment
  3. Portfolio assessment
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15
Q

Examples of formative assessment

A

Anticipation guide, application cards, background knowledge probe, chain notes, directed paraphrasing, exam evaluation, focused listing, gallery walk, memory matrix, muddiest point, quick writes I think pair share, readers theater, empty outlines, word Journal, approximate analogies

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16
Q

Examples of pre-assessment

A

Anticipation guide, concept maps, DRA/running records, drawing, entrance/exit tickets, games, surveys, KWL chart, open ended questioning, prediction, self eval, standardized test scores, discussion, checklist, pre-writing activity

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17
Q

Examples of summative assessment

A

Performance task, written product, oral products, standardized test

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18
Q

Examples of traditional assessment

A

Selected response, constructed response

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19
Q

Experimental group

A

The group whose experience is manipulated in an experiment

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20
Q

Experimental research

A

Research that allows the determinism of the causes of behavior

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21
Q

Fairness

A

Do all students have equal opportunity to demonstrate knowledge/skills?

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22
Q

Formative assessment

A

Occurs during instruction; accommodates student learning rather than just measuring student knowledge

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23
Q

George Sanchez

A

Conducted research showing the intelligence tests were culturally biased against ethnic minority children

24
Q

Guidelines for portfolios

A

Establish purpose, involve students in selection, review with students, set criteria for evaluation, scoring/judging

25
Q

Guidelines for using performance-based assessment

A

Establish a clear purpose, identify observable criteria, provide an appropriate setting, judging or scoring the performance

26
Q

Independent variable

A

The manipulated, influential, experimental factor in an experiment

27
Q

Information processing instructional strategies

A

Review/memory games, mnemonics

28
Q

John Dewey

A

Child as an active learner; learning by doing, focused on whole child and the child’s adaption to the environment, felt all children deserve to have a competent education

29
Q

Laboratory research

A

A controlled setting from which many of the complex factors of the real world have been removed

30
Q

Leta Hollingsworth

A

First used the term gifted

31
Q

Mamie and Kenneth Clark

A

Conducted research on African-American children’s self conceptions and identity, Kenneth Clark was the first African-American president of APA

32
Q

Mixed methods research

A

Blends quantitative and qualitative research

33
Q

Naturalistic observation

A

Observation in the real world rather than in a laboratory

34
Q

Negative strategies for formative assessment

A

Focus on general achievement, attribute success to luck/help, praise predictably, ignore previous achievement, praise publicly, ignore strategies and only focus on outcomes, praise undeservedly, focus on only current performance

35
Q

Participant observation

A

Observation conducted at the same time the teacher-researcher is actively involved in as a participant in the equity or setting

36
Q

Pavlov

A

Classical conditioning, unconditioned stimuli, conditioned stimuli, unconditioned response, conditioned response, Pavlov’s dogs

37
Q

Positive strategies for formative assessment

A

Focus on specific accomplishments, attribute success to effort and ability, praise spontaneously, refer to prior achievement, individualize feedback and use a variety of feedback, praise immediately, praise correct strategies, praise accurately, privately, focus on progress

38
Q

Pre-assessment

A

Evaluation that occurs prior to instruction. The purpose is to determine prior knowledge, student interest/motivation, and inform instruction

39
Q

Problems with punishment

A

Poor model, negative effect, excessive anxiety, reinforcer, abusive

40
Q

Program evaluation research

A

Research designed to make decisions about the effectiveness of a particular program

41
Q

Purposes of grading

A

Administrative, informational, motivational, guidance

42
Q

Qualitative research

A

Uses words or descriptive methods

43
Q

Quantitative research

A

Uses numbers or calculations to discover information about a topic

44
Q

Random assignment

A

The assignment of participants to experimental and control groups by chance

45
Q

Reliability

A

Does the assessment yield stable and dependable outcomes?

46
Q

Rubric guidelines

A

Scale of possible points
descriptors for each criteria (increases reliability and avoids base to scoring)
decide on generic, genre or task specific
Decide whether rubric should be longitudinal

47
Q

Skinner

A

Operant conditioning, reinforcement, punishment, positive reinforcement versus negative reinforcement, presentation punishment versus removal punishment, generalization, discrimination, extinction

48
Q

Social cognitive instructional strategies (with theorist)

A

Bandura, modeling, observational learning, self-efficacy, reinforcer-reward model + child, self reinforcing statements, self-regulation, self-monitoring

49
Q

Social constructivist instructional strategies

A

Cross age teaching, peer tutoring, cognitive apprenticeship

50
Q

Standards of comparison

A

Across students: Norm referenced grading

across standards: criterion-referenced grading, standards-based grading

51
Q

Summative assessment

A

Occurs during instruction, determines what has been learned

52
Q

Teacher as researcher

A

Teachers conduct their own studies to improve their teaching practices

53
Q

Types of descriptive research

A

Observation, interviews and questionnaires, standardized test, case studies, ethnographic studies, focus groups, personal journal/diary

54
Q

Types of observational research

A

Laboratory, naturalistic observation, participant observation

55
Q

Types of performance-based assessment

A

Direct methods of evaluation, self assessment, group versus individual performance, extended period of time for assessment

56
Q

Validity

A

Does a test measure what it is intended to measure?

57
Q

William James

A

Emphasize importance of observing teaching and learning, suggests beginning lessons at a point just beyond a child’s level of knowledge and understanding

OAE Test 1 (4 decks)

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