O110 Doctrinal Foundations Flashcards
ADP
Army Doctrine Publications
16 of them
Detailed information on fundamentals
authoritative but requires judgment in application
FM
Field Manuals
64 of them
Tactics and Procedures
Main Body (max 200 pages)
ATP
Army Techniques Publications
259
Techniques
Non-prescriptive ways or methods used to perform missions, functions, or tasks
ULO
Unified Land Operations
The Army’s operational concept
Simultaneous execution of offense, defense, stability, and defense support of civil authorities across multiple domains to share operational environments, prevent conflict, prevail in large-scale ground combat, and consolidate gains as part of unified actions
Aspects of the Operational Environment
Human Context
Land Operations
ULO is executed through
Decisive Action (Tasks)
- Offense
- Defense
- Stability
- DSCA
ULO is guided by
Mission Command - Philosophy
Operational Environment Definition
a composite of the conditions, circumstances, and influences that affect the employment of capabilities and bear on the decisions of the commander
NOT the Area of Operations
Consolidate Gains
Activities to make enduring any temporary operational success and to set the conditions for a sustainable security environment, allowing for a transition of control to other legitimate authorities
Operations conducted outside the US
Simultaneously combine:
Offense
Defense
Stability
Operations conducted within the US
Simultaneously combine:
Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA)
Offense
Defense
Decisive Action
The continuous, simultaneous combinations of offensive, defensive, stability/DSCA tasks
Offensive Tasks
Conducted to DEFEAT and DESTROY enemy forces and SEIZE terrain, resources, and population centers
Movement to Contact
Attack
Exploitation
Pursuit
Defensive Tasks
Conducted to DEFEAT an enemy attack, gain time, economize forces, and develop conditions favorable for offensive and stability tasks
Mobile Defense
Area Defense
Retrograde
Stability Tasks
Missions, tasks, and activities OUTSIDE the US to maintain or reestablish a safe and secure environment
Establish Civil Security Establish Civil Control Restore Essential Services Support to Governance Support to Economic/Infrastructure Development
DSCA
Homeland defense and defense support of civil authorities for DOMESTIC emergencies, law enforcement support.
Support for Domestic Disasters
Support for Domestic CBRNE Incidents
Support for Domestic Civilian Law Enforcement
Mission Command
The Army’s approach to command and control. Empowers subordinate decision making and decentralized execution.
Provide a clear commander’s intent and use mission orders to assign tasks, allocate resources, and issue broad guidance
Tenets of Operations
Flexibility
Simultaneity
Depth
Synchronization
ADP 3-0
Principles of Operations
Mission Command Develop the Situation Through Action Combined Arms Adhere to Law of War Establish and Maintain Security Create Multiple Dilemmas for the Enemy
Operational Art
the cognitive approach to develop strategies, campaigns, and operations to organize and employ military forces by integrated ENDS, WAYS, and MEANS
NOT Associated with a specific echelon or formation
NOT Exclusive to theater and joint forces
HOW COMMANDERS BALANCE RISK AND OPPORTUNITY
Elements of Operational Art
- End state and conditions
- Center of gravity (COG)
- Decisive Points
- Lines of Operations/Effort
- Operational Reach
- Basing
- Tempo
- Phasing and Transitions
- Culmination
- Risk
LOO
Lines of Operation
a line that defines the directional orientation of a force in time and space in relation to the enemy and that links the force with its base of operations and objectives
LOE
Line of Effort
a line that links multiple tasks using the logic of purpose
COG
Center of Gravity
The hub of all power and movement, on which everything depends
Phase
a planning and execution tool used to divide an operation in duration or activity
Transitions
Mark a change of focus between phases or between the ongoing operation and execution of a branch or sequel
AO
Area of Operations
An operational area defined by the joint force commander for land and maritime force that should be large enough to accomplish their missions and protect their forces
Contiguous or Noncontiguous
Contiguous
In reference to AO
Adjacent subordinate unit AOs share boundaries
Nonctoniguous
In reference to AO
Subordinate units receive distinct AOs.
Higher headquarters retains responsibility for the unassigned portion of the AO
Area of Influence
The geographical area wherein a commander is directly capable of influencing operations by maneuver and fire support systems.
Normally SURROUNDS and INCLUDES the AO
Area of Interest
The area of concern to the commander, including the area of influence, areas adjacent thereto, and extending into enemy territory.
Includes areas occupied by enemy who could jeopardize the accomplishment of the mission.
Operational Framework
Provides leaders with some basic conceptual options for arraying forces and visualizing and describing operations.
Deep - Close - Support
Decisive - Shaping - Sustaining
Main Effort - Support Effort
Deep Area
The portion of the commander’s area of operations that is not assigned to subordinate units
Close Area
The portion of the commander’s area of operations assigned to subordinate maneuver forces
Support Area
The portion of the commander’s area that is designated to facilitate the positioning, employment, and protection of base sustainment assets required to sustain, enable, and control operations
Decisive Operations
Directly accomplishes the mission
Shaping Operations
Establish conditions for decisive operations through effects on the enemy, other actors, and the terrain
Sustaining Operations
Enable to decisive operation or shaping operation by generating and maintaining combat power
The Art of Tactics - Definition
War has its own rules, not one is rigid and invariable.
Rests upon the complex factors of human nature.
No books can teach this.
No rules define it.
the Operations Structure
the Army’s common construct for ULO
Allows leaders to organize effort rapidly and effectively
- Operations Process
- Operational Framework
- Element of Combat Power
Operations Process
Provides a broadly defined approach to developing and conducting operations
Plan, Prepare, Execute, Assess
Elements of Combat Power
Mission Command
Information
Leadership
