O&G Flashcards
Caput succadenum
Crosses suture lines
Typically over vertex
Cephalohaematoma
Limited to suture lines
Class of BP meds contraindicated in pregnancy
ACE-Is and ARBs
Acne antibiotics in pregnancy
Erythromycin - safe
Tetracycline, lymecycline, doxycycline deposited in bones/teeth - unsafe
Bacterial vaginosis features (metronidazole if symptomatic)
Thin, white homoegeneous discharge
Clue cells on microscopy
pH > 4.5
Positive whiff test when KOH added
Tricomonas vaginalis features (metronidazole)
Offensive frothy yellow-green discharge
Vulvovaginitis
Strawberry cervix
pH > 4.5
PCOS with troublesome oligomenorrhoea
Choice of:
IUS
COC
Cyclical progesterone to induce withdrawal bleed (12 days a month)
Fertility advice for men (weight, smoking, alcohol)
Weight loss if BMI >29
Smoking affects sperm quality but unclear link
Drink within recommended limits
When to recommence cervical screening post-partum
3 months
Postnatal hypertension, breastfeeding, Rx?
enalapril
Diabetes pregnancy complications
Polyhydramnios
Preterm labour
Neonatal hypoglycaemia (beta cell hypoplasia)
SSRIs for breastfeeding mothers
Sertraline
Paroxetine
Need for contraception for how long amenorrhorreic in the menopause
<50 - 2 years
>50 - 1 year
Effect of copper coil on periods
Longer, heavier, more painful
Especially first 3-6 months
Hallmark LH and FSH in PCOS
Raised LH:FSH ratio e.g. 3:1
Normal is 1:1
Raised testosterone is more diagnostic
<6 weeks pregnant and bleeding with no pain/systemic features
Manage expectantly
Repeat pregnancy test in 7 days - if negative confirms miscarriage, if positive or ongoing symptoms refer to EPAU
Management of antiphospholipid syndrome in pregnancy
Aspirin following positive test
LMWH from first US to 34 weeks
Cut offs for iron supplementation - Hb in non-pregnant women, early pregnancy, late pregnancy, post-partum
non-pregnant women 115
early pregnancy 110
late pregnancy 105
post-partum 100
Mid-luteal phase (progesterone measurement to confirm ovulation)
7 days prior to expected menstruation (D21 of 28 day cycle, D28 of 35 day cycle)
First-line for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy
Antihistamine - cyclizine/promethazine
When can mirena be inserted after birth?
Within 48 hours
or
After 28 days
Effect of progesterone on cancer and VTE risk in HRT
- increased breast cancer risk
- reduced endometrial cancer risk (but not eliminated)
- increased VTE risk
How to use the contraceptive patch
Change weekly for 3 weeks then don’t wear on week 4
Postpartum HTN Rx
Enalapril
if Afro-Caribbean nifedipine
