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Chym 123 > o'chem flashcards unit 3 pt 2 > Flashcards

o'chem flashcards unit 3 pt 2

1
Q

functions of leukotrienes

A

asthamtic and allergic reaction

mediator of smooth muscle contraction

bronchconstriction and increase vascular permeability

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2
Q

what is esterfication

A

reaction of an alcohol with an acid to produce ester and water

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3
Q

what is the common functions of cholesterol

A

Fluidity of cellular membrane

precusor for steriod hormone and bile salts

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4
Q

plamitic acid and palmitoleic acid both have 16 carbons. Which molecule would have a higher boiling point?

A

Plamitic acid

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5
Q

What are the 3 classes of steriods

A

cholesterol

hormones

bile salts

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6
Q

explain what is lipid bilayer is

A

A thin layer/membrane made up of two layers of lipids

made up of a polar head and a nonpolar tail

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7
Q

Saturated molecules have?

A

no double bonds (Higher boiling point)

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8
Q

draw the backbone of triaglycerol

A

3 fatty acids

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9
Q

backbone of sphingophospholipid

A

hydrocarbon
fatty acid
phosphate+amino alcohol

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10
Q

All phospholipids have?

A

polar head

non polar tail

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11
Q

true or false

Lipids have no common functional group but most lipids are insoluble in water

A

true

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12
Q

What does CIS bonds do to a molecule

A

reduces the melting point

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13
Q

draw the backbone of glycerophospholipids

A

2 fatty acids
phosphate group + amino alcochol

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14
Q

Name this fatty acid

A
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15
Q

Name this fatty acid

A
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16
Q

Name this fatty acid

A
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17
Q

Unsaturated molecules

A

double bonds-lower MP and BP

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18
Q

how many hydrocarbonds does steriod rings has?

A

4

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19
Q

true or false

Bile salts are secreated into small intestine during digestion

A

true

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20
Q

true or false

Hormones are effective at low concentration

A

true

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21
Q

steriod hormones are derivatives from?

A

cholesterols

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22
Q

Backbone of Sphingolipids

A

Hydrocarbon branch

fatty acids

phosphate+amino

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23
Q
A

c

24
Q

Fats are more efficient form of energy than?

A

Carbohydrates

25
Q

true or false

steriods are cholesterol, bile salts and steriod hormones that contains hydrocarbons rings that are strongly hydrophobic

A

True

26
Q

Explain Active transport

A

Across concentrated gradient

requires protein

requires energy

transporter acts as pump to drive solutes against the concentration gradient, Na+, K+, H+, Ca2+

27
Q

Explain Simple diffusion

A

Down a gradient

No protein required

No energy required

o2(Oxygen), N2(Nitrogen) and co2(Carbon Dioxide), can pass through membranes freely.

28
Q

what is the hydrolysis of this moleclue

A

going to slit this molecule with 4h2

29
Q

the conversion of plant oil into margarine is called

A

hydrogenation

30
Q

basic hydrolysis of animal fats and some plant oil produces soap, this is called?

A

Saponification

31
Q

Functions of thromboxane

A

Blood clotting

32
Q

Functions of Prostaglandis

A

Constriction of blood vessels

33
Q

Two distingusing feature of leukotrienes

A

3 double bonds between hydroxyl groups
No closed ring

34
Q

What is one distingusing features of prostaglandis

A

Cyclopentane Ring

35
Q

What are the 3 classes of eicosanoids

A

Prostaglandis

Thromboxanes

Leukotrienes

36
Q

List the 4 properties of triglycerides

A
  1. Non polar neutral, insoluble in water
  2. accumulates fat droplets in cytoplasm
  3. solid at room temp-saturated-fats
  4. liquid at room temp-unsaturated-oil
37
Q

The process of removal of double bonds to make single bonds

A

hydrgenation

38
Q

explain why fatty acid are not soluble in water

A

the tail is non polar

39
Q

list 3 things about lipids.

A
  1. Insoluble in water
  2. Soluble in organic solvents
  3. Molecules that contain fatty acids or steriod nucleus
40
Q

What is one distinguising feature of thromboxane

A

c8-c12 form a six membered “cyclic ether” structure

41
Q

Simple Facilitated transport

A

1) down a concentration gradient
2) protein required
3) energy not required
4) protein transporters acts as a gate or channel for binding and transport of specific solutes

42
Q

Noticable features of Leukotrienes

A

No closed ring, three double bonds between hydroxyl groups

43
Q

Noticable features of Prostaglandis

A

ring closure at carbon 8 and 12

44
Q

What the noticeable feature of thromboxane

A

Ring closure cyclic acetal

45
Q

Structural features of Eicosanoids

A

oxygenated derivatives of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid

46
Q

3 Biological functions of Lipids

A
  1. Storage of excess energy
  2. Componets of cell membrane
  3. Chemical messegers
47
Q

List 3 general functions of Eicosanoids

A

Regulation

blood clotting

production of pain and fever

labor induced

Wake sleep cycle

48
Q

Identify this Compound

A

Bile Salt

49
Q

Identify this compund

A

Prostaglandis

50
Q

Identify this compund

A

Leukotriene

51
Q

Identify this structure

A

Thromboxane

52
Q

To what group of complex lipids does this compound belong?

A

glycerophospholipid

53
Q

What type of messgenger is this

A

Aderengeric Messgenger

54
Q

What type of messgenger is this

A

Steriod messgenger

55
Q

What type of messgenger is this

A

Peptidergic

Chym 123 (6 decks)

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