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Chym 123 > Nucleic Acids > Flashcards

Nucleic Acids Flashcards

1
Q

What type of base is this

A
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2
Q

What type of base is this

A

purine

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3
Q

Purines

A

two rings, each containing two nitrogen atoms

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4
Q

pyrimidines

A

single ring containing two nitrogen atoms.

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5
Q

What are the bases in DNA

A

AG ( Purines)…CT (Pyrimidines)

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6
Q

What are the bases in RNA

A

AG (Purines)…..CU (Pyrimidines)

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7
Q

The five-carbon sugar in RNA is?

A

Ribose

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8
Q

The five carbon sugar in DNA is

A

Deoxyribose

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9
Q

This is?

A

Ribose in RNA

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10
Q

Is this vitamin Water soluble or fat soulble

A

Water

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11
Q

Is this Vitmain Water soluble or fat soluble?

A

Water soluble

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12
Q

Is this vitamin soluble in water?

A

Nope

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13
Q

Is this vitamin water soluble or fat soluble?

A

Fat soluble

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14
Q

How to identify a water soluble vitamin ?

A

Like dissolves like….look. For OH or NHs, more polar means soluble

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15
Q

What are the three components of nucleotide acid specific to both RNA and DNA?

A

Nitrogen base
Sugar
Phosphate

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16
Q
A

C

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17
Q

What are the Complementary strands DNA

A

A to T
G to C

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18
Q

What bases are found in RNA?

A

C,U,A,G

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19
Q

Identify the structure?

A

Uracil

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20
Q

Identify the structure?

A

Guanine

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21
Q

Identify the Structure?

A

Adenine

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22
Q

Identify this structure?

A

Thymine

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23
Q

Identify this structure ?

A

Cytosine

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24
Q

What bases are formed in RNA?

25
Q

How to identify Ribose from Deoxyribose?

A

Ribose has an OH group, Deoxyribose does not have an OH group, only H.

26
Q

What is nucleoside composed of?

A

Sugar and a Base

27
Q

This is an example of

A

Nucleoside

28
Q

This is an example of ?

A

Nucleotide

29
Q

What is the difference between a nucloside and a nucleotide?

A

Nucloside contain sugar and a base and a Nucleotides have a Phosphate group attach to a nucloside

30
Q

How do you name Nucleosides and Nucleotide?

A

1) Drop ine or osine
2) Purines ends with osine
3) Pyramiding ends with iodine
4) If it is DNA nucleoside add deoxygenated at the beginning

31
Q

Name this structure

A

Adenosine Monophosphate (AMP)
Or
Deoxyadenosine Monophosphate (dAMP)

32
Q

Name this structure?

A

Guanosoine Monophosphate (GMP)
Or
Deoxyguanosine Monophosphate (dGMP)

33
Q

Name this structure?

A

Cytidine Monophosphate (CMP)
Or
Deoxycytidine Monophosphate (dCMP)

34
Q

Name this structure

A

Uridine Monophosphate (UMP)

35
Q

Name this structure

A

Deoxythymidine Monophosphate (dTMP)

36
Q
A

Guanosine Monophosphate (GMP)
Deoxyguanosine Monophosphate (dGMP)

Base Guanine. Sugar:Ribose

37
Q

Of the three basic parts of cell communication, which part is always protein-based?

receptor
secondary messenger
chemical messenger

38
Q
A

Adrengeric

39
Q
A

Adrengeric

40
Q
A

Peptidergic

41
Q
42
Q

Is this a DNA nucleotide or RNA nucleotide?

A

RNA nucleotide

This is an RNA nucleotide composed of ribose, a phosphate, and either uracil, cytosine, adenine, or guanine. DNA nucleotides contain deoxyribose, which does not have a hydroxyl group on the second carbon of the sugar ring.

43
Q
A

DNA nucleotide

44
Q

Create the complementary strand for this DNA fragment.

5’-T-A-G-G-A-C-C-T-3’

A

3’-A-T-C-C-T-G-G-A-5’

45
Q

Create the complementary strand for this DNA fragment.

5’-G-G-C-A-T-A-G-A-3’

A

3’-C-C-G-T-A-T-C-T-5’

46
Q

Create the complementary strand for this RNA fragment.

5’-G-C-A-U-G-A-C-A-3’

A

3’-C-G-U-A-C-U-G-U-5’

47
Q

Unwinding of DNA

A

DNA Helicase

48
Q

Catalyst the replication of each DNA ( replication fork)

A

DNA Polymerase

49
Q

Joins the Okazaki fragments

A

DNA Ligase

50
Q

Transfer RNA

A

Transports amino acids to site of protein Synthesis (Ribosomes)

51
Q

Ribosomal RNA

A

ribosomes, the site of protein synthesis

52
Q

Messenger RNA (MRNA)

A

Directs/carries amino acid sequence of proteins for processing

53
Q

Given the template DNA strand with the sequence 3’ CGTAGGCT 5’, what will be the base sequence of the mature mRNA produced during transcription?

A

5’ GCAUCGGA 3

54
Q

If the complementary (coding) DNA strand has the sequence 5’ GCTTACGA 3’, what would be the corresponding sequence of the mature mRNA generated during transcription?

A

3’ CGAAUGCU 5’

55
Q

If the template DNA strand reads 3’ ATCGTAGC 5’, what will be the base sequence of the mature mRNA transcribed from this DNA strand?

A

5’ UAGCAUCG 3’, with ‘U’ representing uracil in mRNA instead of ‘T’ in DNA.

56
Q

What is the term for the non-coding portions of a DNA molecule that are interspersed with coding regions and are typically removed during RNA processing?
A) Telomere
B) Centromere
C) Exon
D) Intron
E) Promoter sequence

57
Q

Which segment of a DNA molecule serves as the attachment point for the spindle fibers during cell division?
A) Telomere
B) Centromere
C) Exon
D) Intron
E) Promoter sequence

58
Q

In genetics, what is the name for the region of DNA that signals the start of transcription and helps RNA polymerase bind to initiate gene expression?
A) Telomere
B) Centromere
C) Exon
D) Intron
E) Promoter sequence

Chym 123 (6 decks)

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