o Flashcards

1
Q

A granuloma consists of a microscopic aggregation

A

macrophages

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2
Q

what factors are sensitive to temperature

A

5 and 8

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3
Q

what is ipilimumab

A

Ipilimumab is an example of an immune checkpoint inhibitor. These drugs are an alternative to cytotoxic chemotherapy but are only currently used for solid tumours. They are all given intravenously/by injection.

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4
Q

how Is breast cancer graded

A

The necrosis of a tumour may be suggestive of a high grade tumour which has out grown its blood supply. However, the grading of breast cancer which classically follows the Bloom -Richardson grading model will tend to favor nuclear appearances (which include mitoses, coarse chromatin and pleomorphism). Tubule formation is an important marker of the degree of differentiation with formation of tubular structures being associated with well differentiated tumours.

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5
Q

Myelofibrosis is an uncommon type of bone marrow cancer that disrupts your body’s normal production of blood cells what do the cells look like

A

tear cells

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