Nutriton

Question 1

Duodenum

Answer 1

Absorption of trace minimals

Question 2

Jejunum

Answer 2

Primary site for absorbing water

Question 3

Ileum

Answer 3

Site of fat vitamins

Question 4

Colon

Answer 4

Water is absorbed here

Question 5

Factors Influencing Nutrition

Answer 5

Taste
Smell
Food habits
Conveinence
Cost
Emotion
Portions
Benefits

Question 6

Lifespan And Cultural Considerations

Answer 6

Heart disease is number one cause of death for Americans
Stroke is fourth cause of death for Americans
African Americans twice as likely to have Diabetes

Question 7

Those at Risk for Malnutrtion

Answer 7

Chronic Illnesses
Mental disorders
Lower SES
Elderly
Hospitalized
Self enforced eating

Question 8

Risk Factors for Imbalanced Nutrition

Answer 8

• Lifestyle/ Cultural
• Convenience
• Access: Food deserts
• Allergies
• Hospitalization
• Screening required within 24 hours ^

Question 8

Nutrtional Assesement

Answer 8

• Height/ Weight
• BMI
• Waist to hip circumference
• Skin folds

Question 8

Overweight

Answer 8

25.0-29.9

Question 8

Normal BMI

Answer 8

18.5-24.9

Question 8

Obese Class 1

Answer 8

30.0-34.9

Question 9

Obsese Class 2

Answer 9

35.0-39.9

Question 10

Extreme Obesity

Answer 10

40.0 and higher

Question 11

Changes in older adults…

Answer 11

• Xerostomia
• Loss of teeth, dentures not fitting
• Thirst
• Cognititve Impairment
• Polypharmocology
• Dysphagia: Trouble swallowing, risk for aspiration

Question 12

Labs

Answer 12

• Glucose: 70-99 ( Normal ), 100-125 ( Pre-Diabetes ) , 126 ( Diabetes )
• Albumin: 3.5-5.0
• Cholesterol: <200
• HDL: > 55
• LDL: <30 mg

Question 13

Plan Based Care

Answer 13

Basic Therapeutic Diets:
- Low salt
- Low fat
- Calorie reduction
- Consumption of fiber
- Tube feedings
- Dietary supplements
- Dash Diet

Question 14

Collaborative Care

Answer 14

Registered Dietician
- Surgeon
- Physician
- Speech therapy
- PT/OT

Question 15

Enteral Tube Feeding

Answer 15

• Why? : Nicu, coma, GI issues, feeding difficulties
• Types: NG, G, J, Continous, Bolus

Question 16

Pharmological Agents

Answer 16

• Weight loss meds
• Anti Lipid agents
• Micronutrient supplements
• Parenteral nutrtion

Question 17

Primary Prevention of Obesity

Answer 17

Healthy Diet: My plate
Physical Activity: 30 mins most days of week

Question 18

Bariatric Surgery

Answer 18

Gastric Bonding: Non-malabsorptive
- Vitamins absorbed
Roux-en-y gastric bypass: Surgery ( Malabsorptive )
Complications: Dumping syndrome, Nutrient defiencies, postop airway management

Question 19

Failure to Thrive

Answer 19

-Inadequate caloric intake
-Based on physical exam
- Risk: Isolation, Cognitive disorder, illness, physiologic changes

Question 20

Dehydration

Answer 20

Fluid intake retention does not meet bodys needs, results in fluid deficit
: Turgar Test ( pinching skin to see if it goes down fast)
- Drink more water
- Less caffiene

Question 21

Dehydration Assessment

Answer 21

• Daily Weights: Using the same scale at same time with same clothing
• Lab Assessment: Elevated hemoglobin, sodium
• Albumin is low leading to edema

Question 22

Dehydration Assessment

Answer 22

Restoring fluid balance: IV fluids for severe dehydration
Preventing Injury: Monitor vitals
- BP
- Temp
- Risk for falls

Question 23

Dehydration Goals

Answer 23

• Maintains BP and Heart rate within normal limits when going from lying down to standing
  -Daily weights
• Fluid intake of 1500 ml at least
• Patient states indicators of dehydration and steps to prevention