Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Food Technology > Nutritional Needs And Health > Flashcards

Nutritional Needs And Health Flashcards

1
Q

What do vegans eat?

A

Plant based foods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What don’t vegetarians eat?

A

Meat & fish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do lacto - ovo vegetarians eat?

A

Eggs & dairy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do lacto vegetarians eat?

A

Dairy products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why don’t people eat meat?

A

Religion, health, personal choice, allergy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do people who don’t eat meat usually not have?

A

Iron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are people with coeliac disease allergic to?

A

Gluten

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens when people with coeliac disease when they eat gluten?

A

The gluten attacks healthy tissue and it damages the lining of the intestine which stops nutrients from being absorbed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do people get coeliacs disease?

A

Hereditary or caused by environmental factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Who are less likely to develop coeliac disease?

A

Breast fed babies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where is gluten found?

A

Pasta, cakes & biscuits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What can’t people eat in/is lactose intolerance?

A

They can’t digest sugar in milk so can’t eat milk. Don’t have enough of the enzyme lactase (breaks lactose into 2 simple sugars - glucose & glactose).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What happens to people who have loctose intolerance?

A

The sugar in milk stays in the digestive system where it ferments and produces gas.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the symptoms of lactose intolerance?

A

Bloated stomach, diarrhoea & wind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How much of fibre are adults supposed to have a day?

A

30g

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does BMR stand for?

A

Basal metabolic rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is BMR?

A

The number of kilocalories needed to stay alive for 24 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How is BMR calculated?

A

Calculated from the amount of oxygen in your body. Measured in a lab. Measured when your warm and at complete rest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What increases BMR?

A

Exercise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does PAL stand for?

A

Physical activity level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is PAL?

A

Shows your daily activity level as a number

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How is PAL calculated?

A

Calculated by the number of activities you do and how active you are.
Total energy expenditure
PAL = —————————————
Basal metabolic rate (24 hours)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does PAL range from and to?

A

1.4 - 2.4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Name 6 factors needed for a balanced diet

A 
6 - 8 cups of water a day
Oily fish 2 a week
Don’t skip breakfast
No more than 6g of salt a day
Follow the eat well guide
Limit fruit juice
Eat more fruit and veg
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
How much have the size of ready meals gone up by?
24%
26
What do larger portions lead to?
Weight gain
27
What do bigger plates lead to?
Bigger portion sizes
28
What size portions do teenagers need?
Bigger portions
29
What do older people need?
Smaller portions
30
Name 3 things 1 - 4 year olds need?
Calcium and vitamin D for bones A wide range of food Snacks Meal times need to be relaxing
31
Name 3 things 5 - 12 year olds need?
``` Eat proper meals Decrease snacking Physically active everyday School meals - more variety Water ```
32
What fraction of 4-5 & 10-11 year olds are obese?
``` 4-5 = 1/5 10-11 = 1/3 ```
33
Do 5-12 year olds need bigger portions?
Yes as they are growing more
34
Name 3 things that teenagers need?
``` Regular meals Minerals to reach peak bone mass Fresh meals Avoid fizzy drinks Calcium & vitamin D ```
35
Name 3 things that abducts need
``` Iron Vitamin C Calcium Fruit and veg Vitamin D ```
36
Name 3 things that geezers need
Less calories More fluids 5 portions of fruit and veg 30g fibre
37
What is harder to absorb as you get older?
Iron, calcium & B12
38
What does your bone strength depend on?
Exposure to sunlight, exercise & diet
39
What helps bone strength?
Vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus & fluoride
40
When does your skeleton begin to grow?
When your in your womb
41
When does your skeleton stop growing?
Late 20s
42
What’s rickets?
Children who have weak & soft bones which causes them to change shape and how outwards as it can’t support their body weight
43
Why has the rickets number increased?
Children aren’t going outside so aren’t getting enough vitamin D
44
What is osteoporosis?
Adults who have brittle bones due to lack of calcium. Prone to fractures
45
Name 5 things that is important about dental health
``` Use fluoride toothpaste Under 7s need help with brushing Brush for 2 minutes Eat less sugar Eat less chocolate, sweets & fizzy drinks ```
46
How much sugary drink are you allowed to drink a day?
150 ml
47
``` How much sugar are 3 4-5 7-10 11+ Year olds allowed ```
No added sugar 19g 24g 30g
48
How does tooth decay happen?
Plaque & gums contain bacteria. Sugar + bacteria = acid Acid attacks your teeth
49
How many adults / children are obese?
1/4 adults | 1/5 children
50
What’s BMI & how’s it calculated & what’s it used for?
``` Body mass index. Weight (kg) BMI = ———————- Height (m2) Sees wether your healthy or overweight ```
51
What problems are linked with obesity?
Type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, some cancer, authiritis & depression
52
How do you treat obesity?
Lose weight & follow the eat well guide
53
Ho long should adults & children exercise for?
4 hours per week - adults | 1 hour a day - children
54
What’s cardiovascular disease?
Heart & blood vessel disease
55
What are the 2 main types of cardiovascular disease?
Coronary heart disease & stroke
56
How does a heart disease occur?
Eating to much fat. Narrows blood vessels
57
How does CHD happen?
To much fat in the diet. Blood vessels blocked
58
How does a stroke occur?
To much fat in the diet. Narrows blood vessels so blood can’t get to the brain.
59
What increases the risk of cardiovascular disease?
High blood pressure, smoking, high blood cholesterol, diabetes, no exercise, a relative with it, ethnic background & being obese
60
How do you reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease?
Follow the eat well guide, not much alcohol & no smoking
61
What’s high blood pressure?
Higher than normal force of blood pushing against your arteries
62
What causes high blood pressure?
To much salt, age, family history, lack of exercise, smoking, obese, drinking a lot of alcohol
63
How do you prevent high blood pressure?
Less salt, exercise, lose weight, don’t smoke, drink alcohol in moderation
64
What’s anaemia?
Not enough iron which leads to a lack of red blood cells which leads to a lack of oxygen
65
What are the symptoms of anaemia?
Tiredness, dizziness,fainting,shortness of breath & cracked lips
66
What causes anaemia?
Pregnancy, periods &old age
67
How do you treat anaemia?
Iron tablets, vitamin c, red meat & kale
68
What’s type 2 diabetes?
High sugar in blood. Once you have it you have it for life. Very common.
69
What causes type 2 diabetes?
Overweight, over 40, eat fatty foods & don’t exercise regularly
70
What are the symptoms of type 2 diabetes?
They are mild. Tired all the time, feeling thirst & peeing a lot
71
What can you eat to prevent diabetes?
Starch - releases sugar more slowly
72
Can the condition cause other health problems?
Yes
73
Name 5 ways to save money when shopping
``` Shop round Plan meals Go on price comparison site Find special offers Shop online as it avoids pester power Don’t pay attention to advertising as it persuades you to buy stuff you don’t want ```
74
What’s energy needed for/ where’s it found/ and what’s it measured in.
Everything, carbohydrates/food & kalories
75
What decides how many kalories you need?
Age, gender & activity
76
Why is fat stored round your body?
As it has to break it down before it can be used
77
How do you know if food is healthy?
Labels on packages | Nutritional analysis tables
78
How do you make food healthy?
Swap ingredients

Food Technology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions