Nutrition Test Flashcards
How many joules of energy is a calorie?
4.184
How many calories is a gram of protein?
4
How many calories is a gram of alcohol?
7
Define metabolize
To change the food into forms it can use for energy.
What are the 2 process of digestion?
Catabolism and anabolism
Define catabolism
The body breaks down large units of living matter into smaller units that are released as energy or waste
Define anabolism
Your body building macromolecules from the energy nutrients
What happens when there is an over abundance of if free radicals?
The aging process is accelerated and the body becomes vulnerable to disease
What can antioxidants do?
Neutralize free radicals because they can donate necessary electrons without becoming unstable themselves
What foods are most rich in antioxidants?
Foods high in vitamin C and E, beta-carotene, and selenium
Diets high in ____________ can suppress the immune system.
Alcohol and fat
_______ diets deplete the body of B vitamins.
Sugar-rich
A deficiency in vitamin A can cause
Dry, cracked skin and brittle hair and nails
What does vitamin B3 do?
Helps with normal sun tolerance and a smooth, slightly moist surface.
What vitamin is referred to as the anti stress vitamin?
Vitamin B5
What can vitamin B6 improve?
Facial pigment conditions
What vitamin is essential for thee formation of collagen protein?
Vitamin C
A lack in vitamin K may result in
Increased instances of bruising (purpura)
What vitamin enhances capillary strength?
Vitamin P
What mineral is required for muscle contraction and transmitting impulses throughout the nervous system?
Calcium
What mineral is used in oxygen transport and regulation of cell growth and differentiation?
Iron
What are neurotransmitters?
Chemicals that trigger the transmission of signals from one neuron across the synapse.
Serotonin and norepinephrine are?
Neurotransmitters
A lack of serotonin results in?
A bad mood
