Chapter 2

Question 1

Antibacterial

Answer 1

Destroying or stopping the growth of bacteria

Question 2

Anti microbial

Answer 2

(1) Destructive to or preventing the development of microorganisms. (2) an agent that destroys or prevents the development of microorganisms

Question 3

Asepsis

Answer 3

Sterility; a condition free from germs and any form of life

Question 4

Autoimmune disorder

Answer 4

A disease in which the body produces a defective immunological response against itself

Question 5

Bacterial spores

Answer 5

Reproductive cells, usually unicellular, produced by plants and some Protozoa. Remarkably resistant.

Question 6

Blood borne

Answer 6

Transmitted through direct blood-to-blood contact

Question 7

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Answer 7

A federal agency that establishes guidelines and makes recommendations for ensuring public health

Question 8

Acute

Answer 8

Described as rapid-onset, short term initial stage of disease. Contrast with chronic

Question 9

Chronic

Answer 9

Described as long term or persistent disease. Contrast with acute

Question 10

Contagious

Answer 10

Communicable. Transmitted readily from one person to another either directly or indirectly. Refers to disease causing organisms

Question 11

Contaminated

Answer 11

Rendered impure. Soiled or stained or polluted. Rendered unfit for use through introduction of a substance that is harmful or injurious

Question 12

Decontaminated

Answer 12

To use physical or chemical means to remove, inactivate, or destroy blood borne pathogens or other potentially infectious materials on the surface or item so they are no longer capable of transmitting infectious particles

Question 13

Endogenous infection

Answer 13

An infection that occurs when bacteria travel from a site where they were harmless to a site where they cause infection

Question 14

Engineering controls

Answer 14

Devices that isolate or remove blood borne pathogen hazards from the workplace. Ex sharps containers and eyewash stations

Question 15

Exposure incident report

Answer 15

A report that details the contact between the eye, the mouth, other mucous membranes, no intact skin, or other parenteral contact the blood or other potentially infectious material (OPIM) that results from the performance of job duties

Question 16

HAV

Answer 16

The hepatitis A virus

Question 17

HBV

Answer 17

The hepatitis B virus

Question 18

HCV

Answer 18

The hepatitis C virus

Question 19

HDV

Answer 19

The hepatitis D virus

Question 20

Immunization

Answer 20

The process of becoming immune or rendering a person immune to a pathogen

Question 21

Mechanical irritation

Answer 21

Tissue damage due to repeated physical contact to the tissue

Question 22

Microbiology

Answer 22

The branch of biology that studies microscopic organisms

Question 23

Mucous membrane

Answer 23

A membrane that lines a passage or cavity that communicates with the air. It consists o a surface layer of epithelium, a basement membrane, and an underlying layer of connective tissue. Mucus-secreting cells or glands usually are present in the epithelium but may be absent

Question 24

Nosocomial infection

Answer 24

An infection acquired in a hospital or other health care environment as the result of medical treatment

Question 25

Occupational exposure

Answer 25

Reasonably anticipated skin, eye, mucous membrane, or potential contact with blood or other potentially infectious material (OPIM) that may result from the performance of an employee’s job duties

Question 26

Opportunistic bacteria

Answer 26

Bacteria that will not cause harm when on a healthy host, but once they have entered the skin and the chain of infection is not broken, they can cause infection and disease

Question 27

Organism

Answer 27

Any living thing. Plant or animal. Could be unicellular or multicellular

Question 28

Other potentially infectious material (OPIM)

Answer 28

Human body fluids- including but not limited to (blood, semen, vaginal secretions) and all body fluids in situations in which it is difficult or impossible to differentiate between body fluids

Question 29

Parenteral hazards

Answer 29

Describes the risk involved in piercing of mucous membranes or the skin barrier through such events as needle sticks, bites, cuts or abrasions

Question 30

Pathogen

Answer 30

Microorganism or substance capable of producing disease

Question 31

Resident microorganisms

Answer 31

Microorganisms that are often present on the surface of the human body

Question 32

Safety plan

Answer 32

A plan for avoiding potential exposure and for dealing with it should exposure occur

Question 33

Sharp

Answer 33

Any object that can penetrate the skin

Question 34

Standard precautions

Answer 34

Abbreviated SP. precautions such as wearing personal protective equipment to protect skin and mucous membrane where contact with a clients blood, body fluids, nonintact skin, or mucous membranes is likely.

Question 35

Transient microorganisms

Answer 35

Microorganisms that travel easily on hands, clothing, or inanimate objects. They are removed through hand washing and proper cleaning and disinfection of work areas

Question 36

Work practice controls

Answer 36

Techniques, methods and practices to minimize the risk of exposure to blood borne pathogens or other potentially infectious material