Chapter 2 Flashcards
Antibacterial
Destroying or stopping the growth of bacteria
Anti microbial
(1) Destructive to or preventing the development of microorganisms. (2) an agent that destroys or prevents the development of microorganisms
Asepsis
Sterility; a condition free from germs and any form of life
Autoimmune disorder
A disease in which the body produces a defective immunological response against itself
Bacterial spores
Reproductive cells, usually unicellular, produced by plants and some Protozoa. Remarkably resistant.
Blood borne
Transmitted through direct blood-to-blood contact
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
A federal agency that establishes guidelines and makes recommendations for ensuring public health
Acute
Described as rapid-onset, short term initial stage of disease. Contrast with chronic
Chronic
Described as long term or persistent disease. Contrast with acute
Contagious
Communicable. Transmitted readily from one person to another either directly or indirectly. Refers to disease causing organisms
Contaminated
Rendered impure. Soiled or stained or polluted. Rendered unfit for use through introduction of a substance that is harmful or injurious
Decontaminated
To use physical or chemical means to remove, inactivate, or destroy blood borne pathogens or other potentially infectious materials on the surface or item so they are no longer capable of transmitting infectious particles
Endogenous infection
An infection that occurs when bacteria travel from a site where they were harmless to a site where they cause infection
Engineering controls
Devices that isolate or remove blood borne pathogen hazards from the workplace. Ex sharps containers and eyewash stations
Exposure incident report
A report that details the contact between the eye, the mouth, other mucous membranes, no intact skin, or other parenteral contact the blood or other potentially infectious material (OPIM) that results from the performance of job duties
HAV
The hepatitis A virus
HBV
The hepatitis B virus
HCV
The hepatitis C virus
HDV
The hepatitis D virus
Immunization
The process of becoming immune or rendering a person immune to a pathogen
Mechanical irritation
Tissue damage due to repeated physical contact to the tissue
Microbiology
The branch of biology that studies microscopic organisms
Mucous membrane
A membrane that lines a passage or cavity that communicates with the air. It consists o a surface layer of epithelium, a basement membrane, and an underlying layer of connective tissue. Mucus-secreting cells or glands usually are present in the epithelium but may be absent
Nosocomial infection
An infection acquired in a hospital or other health care environment as the result of medical treatment
Occupational exposure
Reasonably anticipated skin, eye, mucous membrane, or potential contact with blood or other potentially infectious material (OPIM) that may result from the performance of an employee’s job duties
Opportunistic bacteria
Bacteria that will not cause harm when on a healthy host, but once they have entered the skin and the chain of infection is not broken, they can cause infection and disease
Organism
Any living thing. Plant or animal. Could be unicellular or multicellular
Other potentially infectious material (OPIM)
Human body fluids- including but not limited to (blood, semen, vaginal secretions) and all body fluids in situations in which it is difficult or impossible to differentiate between body fluids
Parenteral hazards
Describes the risk involved in piercing of mucous membranes or the skin barrier through such events as needle sticks, bites, cuts or abrasions
Pathogen
Microorganism or substance capable of producing disease
Resident microorganisms
Microorganisms that are often present on the surface of the human body
Safety plan
A plan for avoiding potential exposure and for dealing with it should exposure occur
Sharp
Any object that can penetrate the skin
Standard precautions
Abbreviated SP. precautions such as wearing personal protective equipment to protect skin and mucous membrane where contact with a clients blood, body fluids, nonintact skin, or mucous membranes is likely.
Transient microorganisms
Microorganisms that travel easily on hands, clothing, or inanimate objects. They are removed through hand washing and proper cleaning and disinfection of work areas
Work practice controls
Techniques, methods and practices to minimize the risk of exposure to blood borne pathogens or other potentially infectious material
