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Esthiology Junior Block > Anatomy Tes Review > Flashcards

Anatomy Tes Review Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between striated muscle and smooth muscle?

A

Smooth muscle fibers are shorter than those of striated muscle. And their movement is involuntary.

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2
Q

What are the three types of facia?

A

Deep, subcutaneous, subserous

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3
Q

What does facia contain?

A

Fat, collage nous fiber, elastin and tissue fluid and varies in thickness and density

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4
Q

What is the less movable end of the muscle called

A

Insertion. It is where the muscle is attached to the bone

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5
Q

What is abduction?

A

Moving a limb away from the center of the body

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6
Q

What is adduction?

A

Moving a limb toward the center of the body

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7
Q

What is dorsiflexion?

A

Moving up and down as in the foot

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8
Q

What us opposition?

A

Touching the thumb to the fingers.

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9
Q

Where is the corrugator muscle and what does it do?

A

Just above each eye/eyebrow. It pushes inward and creates vertical line between eyes. Common Botox injection muscle

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10
Q

What muscles help you turn your held and create a contour in your neck?

A

Your platysmas

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11
Q

What muscle raises the corners of the mouth, as in smiling?

A

Zygomaticus major

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12
Q

Which facial nerve carries impulses to the tear glands, the saliva glands, and the muscle of the stapes, the “stirrup” bone in the ear and sense of taste?

A

Cranial nerve VII

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13
Q

Anterior muscles are those on the ________ of the body.

A

Front

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14
Q

Which muscles are found between the ribs? There are two kinds internal and external.

A

Intercostal muscles

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15
Q

Which group of abdominal muscles is the deepest?

A

Transverse abdominals

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16
Q

What are posterior muscles and what do they do?

A

Muscles in the back of the body. The assist with balance, contribute to operation of limbs, and provide support for vital organ systems.

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17
Q

Which muscle is often related to back pain?

A

Erector spinae

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18
Q

Which 5 muscle groups regulate hip movement?

A

Gluteal a, adductors, abductors, flexors, and extensors.

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19
Q

Know placement of the 3 hamstring muscles.

A

Looking at the posterior side of the body, the muscles are long and vertical on the upper leg. Starting from the inside and going out the order is semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris

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20
Q

What are the functions of the hamstring muscle all together?

A

Control flexion of the knee. Responsible for external contours of the back of the thigh

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21
Q

What is the tertius peroneus, or fibularis tertius?

A

A small muscle that is considered to be part of the extensor digitorium longus. Not all individuals have this muscle

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22
Q

The esthetictian’s area is specialty is the ___________________________.

A

Skin, a living, breathing organism.

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23
Q

When does the process of cellular differentiation start to occur?

A

Shortly after conception

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24
Q

What does hydrophilic mean?

A

Water loving

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25
Q

What does hydrophobic mean?

A

Water hating

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26
Q

Most of the cells in the skin are _______.

A

Keratinocytes

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27
Q

Explain the term keratins.

A

The major proteins formed within keratinocytes.

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28
Q

What are the two families of keratins?

A

Type I (acidic keratins) and Type II (basic keratins)

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29
Q

What initiates the release of EGF?

A

A wound

30
Q

What is nervous tissue?

A

A highly specialized tissue that transports signals to other organs

31
Q

What are the two immune systems?

A

One is the B cell, which makes antibodies and forms the basis of the humoral immune system.

The T cell forms the basis of the cellular immune system, or mediated immune system.

32
Q

What are the major tissues in the body?

A

Epithelial tissue, connective tissue, nervous tissue, and muscle tissue

33
Q

What is the endocrine system?

A

The system of ductless glands that secret or produce hormones.

34
Q

What is the term for the cells in the pancreas that manufacture insulin?

A

The islets of langerhans

35
Q

What are common skin symptoms of diabetes?

A

Bacterial, yeast and fungal infection.

Brown scaly lesions

Acanthosis nigracans characterized by brown raised areas of skin on neck, groin and armpits.

36
Q

What is estrogen?

A

A hormone that gives a woman female characteristics

37
Q

When does puberty start normally?

A

12 to 14

38
Q

What does the luteinizing hormone (LH) produced by the hypothalamus do?

A

Stimulates the pituitary gland to manufacture much larger amounts of both FSH and LH

39
Q

How long is a mental cycle normally?

A

27-30 days

40
Q

Which treatments require a doctors note to perform if the client is pregnant?

A

Any type of electrical therapy, specifically galvanic or high frequency.

41
Q

How soon before menstruation do women frequently experience acne flare ups?

A

7 to 10 days

42
Q

Where do hormonal breakouts commonly occur?

A

On the chin and jawline. Called chin acne.

43
Q

What can help with hormonal breakouts?

A

Using AHAs, helps flush follicles, spot treating to dry up current lesions

44
Q

What is menopause?

A

When the ovaries stop releasing eggs

45
Q

What is the smallest component in the arteries?

A

Arterioles

46
Q

What does blood hell with?

A

Thermoregulation, wound healing, and immunologic responses

47
Q

The fluid part of blood is called what?

A

Plasma

48
Q

What percent of a persons body weight is blood?

A

10

49
Q

What is the albumin?

A

Transports fatty acids, hormones and drugs. Maintains osmotic pressure, buffers pH, the most abundant blood plasma protein.

50
Q

What are platelets?

A

Microscopic round or oval disks found in the blood of vertebrates. They are fragments of cells produced in the bone marrow, exhibit many granules, and are called thrombocytes

51
Q

The structure of arteries gives them two important functional properties:___________.

A

Elasticity and contactility

52
Q

Medium sized arteries are called _______

A

Muscular (distributing) arteries

53
Q

What connects venues and Arterioles?

A

Capillaries

54
Q

What is a common cause of varicose veins and spider veins?

A

Pregnancy

55
Q

What does the lymphatic system include?

A

Cells, tissues, and organs responsible for defending the body against environmental hazards

56
Q

What is the major difference between interstitial fluid and lymph?

A

Location

57
Q

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?

A

Production, maintenance, and distribution of lymphocytes.

58
Q

What are the benefits of lymphatic drainage?

A 
Reduces edema
Detoxifies
Enhances tissue regeneration 
Combats aging 
Combats fatigue 
Relives inflammation 
Relive pain 
Relives constipation 
Promotes relaxation
59
Q

What is the difference between clinical and subclinical inflammation?

A

Clinical inflammation is visible upon inspection

60
Q

What is the first thing you should do with a first degree burn?

A

Put it under cold running water

61
Q

When is sun exposure more apparent on clients?

A

Ages 40 and older

62
Q

What is tinea versicolor?

A

What many refer to as sun spots or sun damage

63
Q

What is cumulative sun damage?

A

Wrinkles, hyperpigment, elastosis and rough texture

64
Q

What are the 3 major kinds of skin cancer?

A

Basal cell, squamous cell, and melanoma

65
Q

What skin cancer is the most common and least severe?

A

Basal cell carcinoma

66
Q

What skin cancer is least common and most deadly?

A

Melanoma

67
Q

What are the ABCDEs of melanoma?

A 
Asymmetrical
Border (uneven)
Color (dark)
Diameter (should be smaller than pencil diameter) 
Evolving
68
Q

What type of acne is often associated with teenagers?

A

Acne vulgaris

69
Q

What is the most typical grade of acne seen by esthetictians?

A

Grade 1

70
Q

What are characteristics of rosacea?

A

Papules and pustules, texture problems and pore appearance, distended capillaries

71
Q

What is phymatous rosacea?

A

Thickened appearance and results in an enlargement of the nose

Esthiology Junior Block (5 decks)

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