Nutrition Review Questions

Question 1

Which form is CALCIUM absorbed in?

a. calcium carbonate
b. calcium lactate
c. calcium gluconate
d. calcium ion

Answer 1

calcium ion

Question 2

What stimulates PTH secretion?

a. calcitriol
b. calcidiol
c. low serum calcium
d. high serum calcium

Answer 2

low serum calcium

Question 3

Where is calbindin 28 located in vivo?

a. small intestine
b. liver
c. kidney
d. spleen

Answer 3

kidney

Question 4

What is a clinical indicator of a calcium deficiency?

a. tetany
b. peripheral neuropathy
c. bitot’s spots
d. HTN

Answer 4

tetany

Question 5

Which may NOT cause a calcium toxicity?

a. sarcoidosis
b. antacid use
c. hyperparathyroidism
d. high sodium diet

Answer 5

high SODIUM diet

Question 6

What can blood calcium levels be used to diagnose?

a. calcium deficiency
b. calcium insufficiency
c. calcium toxicity

Answer 6

calcium toxicity

Question 7

Which is NOT a function of phosphorus?

a. enzyme regulation
b. phospholipids
c. BP regulation
d. bone crystallization (mineralization)

Answer 7

BP regulation

Question 8

Which is a POOR source of phosphorus?

a. cheese
b. sunflower seeds
c. black beans
d. banana

Answer 8

banana

animals are source

Question 9

Which is NOT a sign/symptom of a phosphorus deficiency?

a. tetany
b. myopathy
c. decreased cardiac output
d. death

Answer 9

tetany

Question 10

A patient consumes a high phosphorus diet (lots of legumes, meat, but NO dairy.) What would you expect?

a. hypophosphatemia
b. hypercalcemia
c. hypocalcemia
d. wet beriberi

Answer 10

hypocalcemia

Question 11

Where does the body get Ca+ to normalize blood values?

a. absorbed fat from diet
b. reabsorbed in kidney
c. from bone
d. released from endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 11

from bone

A and B could also be correct

Question 12

Which mineral stabilizes ATP?

a. magnesium
b. manganee
c. potassium
d. sodium

Answer 12

magnesium

Question 13

Where are you more likely to find magnesium and potassium?

a. plants
b. animals
c. planimals

Answer 13

plants

Question 14

Magnesium deficiency may present as ________; while a toxicity may present as _________

a. diarrhea; personality changes
b. tetany; peripheral neuropathy
c. muscle weakness; slurred speech
d. flushing; tremors

Answer 14

muscle weakness; slurred speech

Question 15

Which mineral is utilized by kinases?

a. potassium
b. magnesium
c. sodium
d. calcium

Answer 15

magnesium

Question 16

The average american does NOT meet their daily sodium requirement.

a. true
b. false

Answer 16

false

Question 17

All hypertensive patients would benefit from a reduced sodium diet.

a. true
b. false

Answer 17

true

Question 18

Which is a clinical indicator of both hypo- and hyperkalemia

a. cardiac arrhythmias
b. myopathy
c. peripheral neuropathy
d. HTN

Answer 18

cardiac arrhythmias

Question 19

Which does NOT lead to hypocalcemia?

a. hyperphosphatemia
b. hypomagnesemia
c. hypernatremia
d. hyperkalemia

Answer 19

hyperkalemia

Question 20

Which class of enzymes is required for digestion of heme iron prior to absorption?

a. oxioreductase
b. hydrolase
c. isomerase
d. ligase

Answer 20

hydrolase

Question 21

Which carrier protein is synthesized in both the SI and LIVER?

a. ferritin
b. transferrin
c. ferroportin
d. all of the above

Answer 21

ferritin

Question 22

Which compound from chalet can decrease iron absorption?

a. phytate
b. fructose
c. lactic acid
d. oxalate

Answer 22

oxalate

Question 23

Which compound does NOT contain a heme?

a. catechol dioxygenase
b. catalase
c. myoglobin
d. cytochrome P450

Answer 23

catechol dioxygenase

Question 24

Which patient is most likely to have an iron deficiency?

a. 4 month old formula fed girl
b. 5 year old boy
c. 15 year old female gymnast
d. 35 year old male weight lifter

Answer 24

15 year old female gymnast

Question 25

When a patient presents with an iron deficiency, which blood protein is elevated? a. ferritin b. transferrin c. albumin d. ferroportin

Answer 25

trasnferrin

Question 26

Which deficiency may lead to an iron deficiency? a. zinc b. copper c. cobalt d. calcium

Answer 26

copper

Question 27

Zinc is required for digestion of _________ and _______ a. lipids, folate b. carbs, folic acid c. folate, protein d. lipids, nonheme iron

Answer 27

folate | protein

Question 28

Zinc is required to release ________from the liver a. protein b. vit. A c. folate d. copper

Answer 28

vitamin A

Question 29

Which compound decreases zinc absorption? a. iron b. folate c. citric acid d. vitamin A

Answer 29

iron

Question 30

Which is the best source of zinc? a. seafood b. milk c. chocolate d. spinach

Answer 30

seafood

Question 31

Which is a clinical indicator of a zinc deficiency? a. peripheral neuropathy b. decreased bone mineral density c. diminished taste mechanism d. metallic taste

Answer 31

diminished taste mechanism

Question 32

Which antioxidant enzyme required for both zinc and copper? a. catalase b. cytosolic superoxide dismutase c. mitochondrial superoxide dismutase d. glutathione peroxidase

Answer 32

cytosolic superoxide dismutase

Question 33

Supplements of ________ decrease copper absorption, while ________ supplements increase copper excretion a. iron, zinc b. vitamin A, vitamin D c. calcium, sodium, d. zinc, molybdenum

Answer 33

zinc | molybdenum

Question 34

Which genetic disorder is associated with an increase in copper excretion leading to deficiency? a. wilson's disease b. hemochromatosis c. menkes syndrome d. maple syrup urine disease

Answer 34

menkes syndrome

Question 35

Which selenium deficiency is associated with cardiomyopathy? a. wilson's disease b. kashan's disease c. menkes syndrome d. kashin-beck disease

Answer 35

Keshan's syndrome | heart disease in kids

Question 36

What is your best source of selenium? a. brazil nuts b. cantaloupe c. spinach d. white rice

Answer 36

brazil nuts

Question 37

Chromium is involved with secretion of ________ a. insulin b. glucagon c. CCK d. gastrin

Answer 37

insulin

Question 38

Which is a POOR source of chromium? a. oysters b. potatoes c. shrimp d. apples

Answer 38

apples

Question 39

How many iodine molecules are part of thyroxine? (T4) a. 1 b. 2 c. 4 d. 6

Answer 39

4

Question 40

Which is an indicator of an iodine deficiency? a. goiter b. fever c. nausea d. vomiting

Answer 40

goiter