Nutrition Review Questions Flashcards
Which form is CALCIUM absorbed in?
a. calcium carbonate
b. calcium lactate
c. calcium gluconate
d. calcium ion
calcium ion
What stimulates PTH secretion?
a. calcitriol
b. calcidiol
c. low serum calcium
d. high serum calcium
low serum calcium
Where is calbindin 28 located in vivo?
a. small intestine
b. liver
c. kidney
d. spleen
kidney
What is a clinical indicator of a calcium deficiency?
a. tetany
b. peripheral neuropathy
c. bitot’s spots
d. HTN
tetany
Which may NOT cause a calcium toxicity?
a. sarcoidosis
b. antacid use
c. hyperparathyroidism
d. high sodium diet
high SODIUM diet
What can blood calcium levels be used to diagnose?
a. calcium deficiency
b. calcium insufficiency
c. calcium toxicity
calcium toxicity
Which is NOT a function of phosphorus?
a. enzyme regulation
b. phospholipids
c. BP regulation
d. bone crystallization (mineralization)
BP regulation
Which is a POOR source of phosphorus?
a. cheese
b. sunflower seeds
c. black beans
d. banana
banana
animals are source
Which is NOT a sign/symptom of a phosphorus deficiency?
a. tetany
b. myopathy
c. decreased cardiac output
d. death
tetany
A patient consumes a high phosphorus diet (lots of legumes, meat, but NO dairy.) What would you expect?
a. hypophosphatemia
b. hypercalcemia
c. hypocalcemia
d. wet beriberi
hypocalcemia
Where does the body get Ca+ to normalize blood values?
a. absorbed fat from diet
b. reabsorbed in kidney
c. from bone
d. released from endoplasmic reticulum
from bone
A and B could also be correct
Which mineral stabilizes ATP?
a. magnesium
b. manganee
c. potassium
d. sodium
magnesium
Where are you more likely to find magnesium and potassium?
a. plants
b. animals
c. planimals
plants
Magnesium deficiency may present as ________; while a toxicity may present as _________
a. diarrhea; personality changes
b. tetany; peripheral neuropathy
c. muscle weakness; slurred speech
d. flushing; tremors
muscle weakness; slurred speech
Which mineral is utilized by kinases?
a. potassium
b. magnesium
c. sodium
d. calcium
magnesium
The average american does NOT meet their daily sodium requirement.
a. true
b. false
false
All hypertensive patients would benefit from a reduced sodium diet.
a. true
b. false
true
Which is a clinical indicator of both hypo- and hyperkalemia
a. cardiac arrhythmias
b. myopathy
c. peripheral neuropathy
d. HTN
cardiac arrhythmias
Which does NOT lead to hypocalcemia?
a. hyperphosphatemia
b. hypomagnesemia
c. hypernatremia
d. hyperkalemia
hyperkalemia
Which class of enzymes is required for digestion of heme iron prior to absorption?
a. oxioreductase
b. hydrolase
c. isomerase
d. ligase
hydrolase
Which carrier protein is synthesized in both the SI and LIVER?
a. ferritin
b. transferrin
c. ferroportin
d. all of the above
ferritin
Which compound from chalet can decrease iron absorption?
a. phytate
b. fructose
c. lactic acid
d. oxalate
oxalate
Which compound does NOT contain a heme?
a. catechol dioxygenase
b. catalase
c. myoglobin
d. cytochrome P450
catechol dioxygenase
Which patient is most likely to have an iron deficiency?
a. 4 month old formula fed girl
b. 5 year old boy
c. 15 year old female gymnast
d. 35 year old male weight lifter
15 year old female gymnast
When a patient presents with an iron deficiency, which blood protein is elevated?
a. ferritin
b. transferrin
c. albumin
d. ferroportin
trasnferrin
Which deficiency may lead to an iron deficiency?
a. zinc
b. copper
c. cobalt
d. calcium
copper
Zinc is required for digestion of _________ and _______
a. lipids, folate
b. carbs, folic acid
c. folate, protein
d. lipids, nonheme iron
folate
protein
Zinc is required to release ________from the liver
a. protein
b. vit. A
c. folate
d. copper
vitamin A
Which compound decreases zinc absorption?
a. iron
b. folate
c. citric acid
d. vitamin A
iron
Which is the best source of zinc?
a. seafood
b. milk
c. chocolate
d. spinach
seafood
Which is a clinical indicator of a zinc deficiency?
a. peripheral neuropathy
b. decreased bone mineral density
c. diminished taste mechanism
d. metallic taste
diminished taste mechanism
Which antioxidant enzyme required for both zinc and copper?
a. catalase
b. cytosolic superoxide dismutase
c. mitochondrial superoxide dismutase
d. glutathione peroxidase
cytosolic superoxide dismutase
Supplements of ________ decrease copper absorption, while ________ supplements increase copper excretion
a. iron, zinc
b. vitamin A, vitamin D
c. calcium, sodium,
d. zinc, molybdenum
zinc
molybdenum
Which genetic disorder is associated with an increase in copper excretion leading to deficiency?
a. wilson’s disease
b. hemochromatosis
c. menkes syndrome
d. maple syrup urine disease
menkes syndrome
Which selenium deficiency is associated with cardiomyopathy?
a. wilson’s disease
b. kashan’s disease
c. menkes syndrome
d. kashin-beck disease
Keshan’s syndrome
heart disease in kids
What is your best source of selenium?
a. brazil nuts
b. cantaloupe
c. spinach
d. white rice
brazil nuts
Chromium is involved with secretion of ________
a. insulin
b. glucagon
c. CCK
d. gastrin
insulin
Which is a POOR source of chromium?
a. oysters
b. potatoes
c. shrimp
d. apples
apples
How many iodine molecules are part of thyroxine? (T4)
a. 1
b. 2
c. 4
d. 6
4
Which is an indicator of an iodine deficiency?
a. goiter
b. fever
c. nausea
d. vomiting
goiter
