Nutrition- Pregnancy Flashcards by Janye Smith

A pregnancy is considered high-risk if the

A. is a vegetarian
B. is 16 years old
C. works full-time
D. exercises five or four minutes per day

is 16 years old

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The ideal first food for infant

A human milk
B cows, milk
C soy based formula
D amino acid base formula

Human milk

Human milk is ideal first food for an infant and is recommended by physicians and dietitians cows. Milk is not recommended and should never be fed to an infant during the first year of life unmodified cows milk can cause gestational bleeding and provide too heavy a load of solids for an infant renal system appropriate , infant formula can be used if the mother chooses not to breast-feed or some conditions prevent breast-feeding.

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An eight month old infant who receives approximately 0.4 L of fluid per day is meeting.

A. 200% of fluid needs per day.
B. 75% of fluid needs per day.
C. 100% of food per day.
D. 50% of food needs per day.

B. 75% of fluid per day.

Approximately daily fluid needs during growth years for infants 7 to 12 months is 0.8 L a day

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High blood pressure and accumulation of protein in the urine may be a sign of

A. Alcoholism.
B. Preeclampsia.
C. Gestational diabetes.
D. Hyperemesis

B. Preeclampsia.

High blood pressure can be fatal to a mother and fetus if symptoms progress with the accumulation of proteinuria, the condition is referred to as preclampsia

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Nutritional needs during pregnancy are affected by

A. The sex of the infant.
B. The food craving.
C. The mother’s age.
D. Whether the mother works.

C. The mother’s age.
Nutritional needs during pregnancy are affected by the mother’s age along with height and pre-pregnancy weight

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The amount of extra protein required by a pregnant woman compared with non-pregnant women is approximately

A. 10 g per day.
B. 15 g per day.
C. 30 g per day.
D. 25 per grams per day.

D. 25 g per day.
Protein intake should increase 25 g per day during pregnancy in addition to non-pregnancy needs. This increased is approximately 50% more than the average adult requirement.

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Several vitamins are required in greater amounts during pregnancy because.

A. Fetal demand for the vitamins are higher.
B. The vitamins are excreted and greater quantities.
C. Metabolic activities increase
D. More Hemoglobin is synthesized.

C. Metabolic activities increases.

Most vitamins are needed and increased amounts because of their viral role as co-enzyme factors in energy production and protein metabolism

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Eating disorders are common in many groups of adolescent girls because

Society in thinness

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Compared with adults, infants and young children have more body fluids

Outside the cells

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A major factor in weight control is

Physical activity

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Hypervitaminosis vitamins, is most likely to occur because of

Overuse of vitamin supplement

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Physiological problems of older adults

Decrease thirst and taste sensations

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A pregnant woman’s energy need must be met in order to

Spare protein

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A good source of energy for children is

Whole wheat toast

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Daily kilo, calorie needs during the second trimester exceeded normal requirements by approximately

340 K calories

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Baby should not be put to sleep with a bottle of formula because

This could lead to early tooth decay

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Food intake may decrease after the first year of life and caloric needs is not as great because

The growth rate slows down

During the first year of life growth is rapid, especially during the first six months after the first year the growth rate tends to slow down and food intake decreases .

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And quit folate in the per conceptual period helps prevent

Neural tube defects

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The approximate recommended age for adding solid food to an infants diet

Six months

The recommended practice is to introduce solid foods at approximately six months of age. Younger infants are not ready to swallow and digest solid foods and they do not yet need other nutrients besides those provided by breastmilk or infant formula.

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Increase protein is necessary in pregnancy for

Growing maternal tissue

Increased protein is necessary and pregnancy for rapid growth of the fetus development of the placenta growth of maternal tissues, increase maternal blood volume and amniotic fluid

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During pregnancy women should be encouraged not to

Drink alcohol

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The number of calories per day supplied as carbohydrates for older adults who require 2000 K calories per day should be

900 to 1300

For older adult 45% to 65% of total intake should be supplied as carbohydrate with the majority being mostly complex carbohydrates

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The first milk secreted by a new mother

Colostrum

Colostrum is a thin, yellow fluid first secreted by the memory gland a few days after childbirth proceeding, the mature breastmilk

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Appropriate snack choices for pregnant women with morning sickness may include

Whole wheat toast with a small amount of light butter, and small pieces of fruit

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John is a 34-year-old who is active in his community coaching football. He was also recently promoted to a directive level position at his job. John is in.

Young adulthood

Parents who use natural food should be advised to

Avoid giving honey to a child younger than one year of age Honey should not be given to an infant younger than one year of age because brutalism force have been reported in honey and the immune capacity of the young, and it cannot resist this infection

Dehydrating is more common and older adults than younger adults because

The thirst mechanism diminishes

Nutrition counselor should encourage pregnant teenagers to

Eat foods from all the basic food groups Pregnant teen should consume foods from all basic food groups to support fetal development as well as their own growth and development needs

The older American act provides home delivered meals for those who

Are ill or disabled

Foods for infants should be prepared without added

Sugar and salt

Contributing factors for osteoporosis include

Inadequate, calcium, and vitamin D intake

The finding of glycouria during a routine laboratory test may suggest that the woman has

Gestational diabetes Gestational diabetes presently are sugar spilling over into the urine. Other predisposing factors include age 30 years and older those who are overweight and have a history of previously unexplained still birth of large babies, weigh 9 pounds or more habitual, spontaneous, abortions birth of babies with multiple congenital defects and a family, history of diabetes or ethnicity associated with high , incidence of diabetes

An older adult is most likely to have an inadequate nutrient intake if he or she live

Alone

A good source of calcium during pregnancy is

Milk

A 42-year-old who makes his own own decision regarding whom to marry, and what type of family is desired is considered to be making

Independent choices

The older adults diet should include adequate carbohydrates to

Support normal brain function The national Academy of sciences has determined that an absolute minimum of 130 g per day of carbohydrates is necessary to maintain normal brain function in children and adults

Factors that commonly contribute to malnutrition and older adults include

The loss of teeth are poorly fitting dentures

The patient who would have the highest protein need is

A 73 year old man recovering from a broken hip fracture after a fall

At birth, the reflexes and infant reflexes are

Rooting, sucking and swallowing At birth, the rooting sucking and swallowing reflexes are present along with tonic neck reflexes

The phase that shows the most erratic growth is

Childhood

The ideal first food for newborn is is

Breastmilk

Older adults need more vitamin D than younger adults because they

Are less efficient at making their own As a person ages, the body becomes less efficient and making vitamin D and more may have to be provided in the diet through food that have been fortified including milk, milk, products, bread, and margarine

Making a choice to lose weight and manage once cholesterol level is more likely to occur during

Middle adulthood

Feeding older adults with sensitivity includes

Giving sufficient time to chew and swallow

During a check up at the clinic, a child’s physical growth is evaluated by using

Growth chart

Effective strategies for weight management and children include

Regular physical activity

The best source of folate is

Green leafy vegetables

The older Americans act provides funds for

Congregate in-home delivered meals

Failure to thrive may be caused by

Over dilution of formula

Prescription in over-the-counter drugs can be affect nutritional status because they

May affect appetite or absorption of nutrients

For residence and long-term care facilities, the type of diet model recommended is

Least restrictive The least restrictive diet model is recommended since it is the most beneficial to the older adult

A low birth weight less than

2500 grams

Advantages of breast-feeding for the mother include

Convenience in economy

The most common cause of anemia during pregnancy

Iron deficiency

A type of feeding not recommended for infants during the early months is

Cows milk

The mini nutritional assessment identifies

Nutritional

Three important factors that support adequate lactation

Diet fluids, rest, and relaxation

Young children should be offered

Small portions so they can ask for more if they are hungry

Drinking 3 to 4 cups of milk a day during pregnancy is recommended because milk is a good source of

Vitamin D

An adequate source of iron for a breast fed infant at eight months old is

Enrich rice cereal The iron content of breastmilk is highly absorbable and fully meets the needs of an infant for the first six months of life. At that point, the infants nutritional needs a for iron exceeded what is provided exclusively by breastmilk in the addition of puréed enrich cereals after approximately six months of age help supply additional iron.

During pregnancy 132 pound woman should limit her intake of caffeine to

300 mg per day

Factors that influence, the nutrition needs of young adults

Physical activity

Each decade, basil energy needs decrease

One to 2% Basal metabolic rate declines and average of one percent to 2% per decade of life

A good source of calcium for the growing child is

Milk Milk is a good source of calcium calcium is an important nutrient for the growing child to assist with bone and to development

The most suitable first solid food for an infant six months of age would be

Infant rice cereal

And acceptable ending pregnancy weight for a woman who is pregnant pre-pregnancy weight weight is 125

150 to 160 Weight gain for a normal size woman with the body mass index of 18.5 to 24.9 is 25 to 35 pounds thus 125+25+35 = 1 50 pounds to 160

A good source of iron during pregnancy would be

Lane ground beef

It may be advisable for an older adult to take vitamin or mineral supplements

If he or she has been ill

During childhood most calories are needed for

Basal metabolic needs

What is a good choice to help alleviate constipation during pregnancy

Figs

Iron needs increased during pregnancy because of

An increased maternal blood volume Needs are increased during pregnancy for increased hemoglobin synthesis required for the greater maternal blood value, as well as for the necessary prenatal storage of iron

A pregnant adolescent is at risk because she

Is still in a growth stage of development

Older infants can generally finger feed themselves with a refined pincer grasp at

10 to 12 months

Effective strategies to delay, the onset of type two diabetes include

Brisk walking with friends for 45 minutes most days during a lunch break

A congregate meal for seniors is

The noon meal

The feeding process is important for development of

The bonding relationship with the parent

The amount of breastmilk, the most men produce

Is governed by supply and demand

Congregate meals are most often served at

Senior centers

Energy requirements, decreased as adults age because

The number of functioning body cells decrease with age

Total weight gain during the first trimester should be approximately

2 to 4 pounds

A pregnant vegetarian can help prevent development of iron deficiency anemia by consuming foods high in

Vitamin C

An example of a food that provides building material for tissue growth is

Cheese

Biologic processes associated with aging may cause

An increase ratio of adipose to the muscle tissue

Examples of foods high in nutrient that help prevent osteoporosis are

Yogurt and canned salmon

The protein needs of an older adult are influenced by the adequacy of

Caloric intake

And very overweight, pregnant woman older than 30 years of age is at high risk for

Gestational diabetes

A condition of severe prolong and persistent vomiting during pregnancy is called

Hyper emesis gravidarum

If an older adult is losing weight, his or her caloric intake is

Less less than energy needs

During the school age years, the rate of growth

Is slow and irregular

The final major growth spurt of childhood occurs

With the onset of puberty