Nutrition- Pregnancy Flashcards
A pregnancy is considered high-risk if the
A. is a vegetarian
B. is 16 years old
C. works full-time
D. exercises five or four minutes per day
is 16 years old
The ideal first food for infant
A human milk
B cows, milk
C soy based formula
D amino acid base formula
Human milk
Human milk is ideal first food for an infant and is recommended by physicians and dietitians cows. Milk is not recommended and should never be fed to an infant during the first year of life unmodified cows milk can cause gestational bleeding and provide too heavy a load of solids for an infant renal system appropriate , infant formula can be used if the mother chooses not to breast-feed or some conditions prevent breast-feeding.
An eight month old infant who receives approximately 0.4 L of fluid per day is meeting.
A. 200% of fluid needs per day.
B. 75% of fluid needs per day.
C. 100% of food per day.
D. 50% of food needs per day.
B. 75% of fluid per day.
Approximately daily fluid needs during growth years for infants 7 to 12 months is 0.8 L a day
High blood pressure and accumulation of protein in the urine may be a sign of
A. Alcoholism.
B. Preeclampsia.
C. Gestational diabetes.
D. Hyperemesis
B. Preeclampsia.
High blood pressure can be fatal to a mother and fetus if symptoms progress with the accumulation of proteinuria, the condition is referred to as preclampsia
Nutritional needs during pregnancy are affected by
A. The sex of the infant.
B. The food craving.
C. The mother’s age.
D. Whether the mother works.
C. The mother’s age.
Nutritional needs during pregnancy are affected by the mother’s age along with height and pre-pregnancy weight
The amount of extra protein required by a pregnant woman compared with non-pregnant women is approximately
A. 10 g per day.
B. 15 g per day.
C. 30 g per day.
D. 25 per grams per day.
D. 25 g per day.
Protein intake should increase 25 g per day during pregnancy in addition to non-pregnancy needs. This increased is approximately 50% more than the average adult requirement.
Several vitamins are required in greater amounts during pregnancy because.
A. Fetal demand for the vitamins are higher.
B. The vitamins are excreted and greater quantities.
C. Metabolic activities increase
D. More Hemoglobin is synthesized.
C. Metabolic activities increases.
Most vitamins are needed and increased amounts because of their viral role as co-enzyme factors in energy production and protein metabolism
Eating disorders are common in many groups of adolescent girls because
Society in thinness
Compared with adults, infants and young children have more body fluids
Outside the cells
A major factor in weight control is
Physical activity
Hypervitaminosis vitamins, is most likely to occur because of
Overuse of vitamin supplement
Physiological problems of older adults
Decrease thirst and taste sensations
A pregnant woman’s energy need must be met in order to
Spare protein
A good source of energy for children is
Whole wheat toast
Daily kilo, calorie needs during the second trimester exceeded normal requirements by approximately
340 K calories
Baby should not be put to sleep with a bottle of formula because
This could lead to early tooth decay
Food intake may decrease after the first year of life and caloric needs is not as great because
The growth rate slows down
During the first year of life growth is rapid, especially during the first six months after the first year the growth rate tends to slow down and food intake decreases .
And quit folate in the per conceptual period helps prevent
Neural tube defects
The approximate recommended age for adding solid food to an infants diet
Six months
The recommended practice is to introduce solid foods at approximately six months of age. Younger infants are not ready to swallow and digest solid foods and they do not yet need other nutrients besides those provided by breastmilk or infant formula.
Increase protein is necessary in pregnancy for
Growing maternal tissue
Increased protein is necessary and pregnancy for rapid growth of the fetus development of the placenta growth of maternal tissues, increase maternal blood volume and amniotic fluid
During pregnancy women should be encouraged not to
Drink alcohol
The number of calories per day supplied as carbohydrates for older adults who require 2000 K calories per day should be
900 to 1300
For older adult 45% to 65% of total intake should be supplied as carbohydrate with the majority being mostly complex carbohydrates
The first milk secreted by a new mother
Colostrum
Colostrum is a thin, yellow fluid first secreted by the memory gland a few days after childbirth proceeding, the mature breastmilk
Appropriate snack choices for pregnant women with morning sickness may include
Whole wheat toast with a small amount of light butter, and small pieces of fruit
John is a 34-year-old who is active in his community coaching football. He was also recently promoted to a directive level position at his job. John is in.
Young adulthood
Parents who use natural food should be advised to
Avoid giving honey to a child younger than one year of age
Honey should not be given to an infant younger than one year of age because brutalism force have been reported in honey and the immune capacity of the young, and it cannot resist this infection
Dehydrating is more common and older adults than younger adults because
The thirst mechanism diminishes
Nutrition counselor should encourage pregnant teenagers to
Eat foods from all the basic food groups
Pregnant teen should consume foods from all basic food groups to support fetal development as well as their own growth and development needs
The older American act provides home delivered meals for those who
Are ill or disabled
Foods for infants should be prepared without added
Sugar and salt
Contributing factors for osteoporosis include
Inadequate, calcium, and vitamin D intake
The finding of glycouria during a routine laboratory test may suggest that the woman has
Gestational diabetes
Gestational diabetes presently are sugar spilling over into the urine. Other predisposing factors include age 30 years and older those who are overweight and have a history of previously unexplained still birth of large babies, weigh 9 pounds or more habitual, spontaneous, abortions birth of babies with multiple congenital defects and a family, history of diabetes or ethnicity associated with high , incidence of diabetes
An older adult is most likely to have an inadequate nutrient intake if he or she live
Alone
A good source of calcium during pregnancy is
Milk
A 42-year-old who makes his own own decision regarding whom to marry, and what type of family is desired is considered to be making
Independent choices 
The older adults diet should include adequate carbohydrates to
Support normal brain function
The national Academy of sciences has determined that an absolute minimum of 130 g per day of carbohydrates is necessary to maintain normal brain function in children and adults
Factors that commonly contribute to malnutrition and older adults include
The loss of teeth are poorly fitting dentures
The patient who would have the highest protein need is
A 73 year old man recovering from a broken hip fracture after a fall
At birth, the reflexes and infant reflexes are
Rooting, sucking and swallowing
At birth, the rooting sucking and swallowing reflexes are present along with tonic neck reflexes
The phase that shows the most erratic growth is
Childhood
The ideal first food for newborn is is
Breastmilk
Older adults need more vitamin D than younger adults because they
Are less efficient at making their own
As a person ages, the body becomes less efficient and making vitamin D and more may have to be provided in the diet through food that have been fortified including milk, milk, products, bread, and margarine
Making a choice to lose weight and manage once cholesterol level is more likely to occur during
Middle adulthood
Feeding older adults with sensitivity includes
Giving sufficient time to chew and swallow
During a check up at the clinic, a child’s physical growth is evaluated by using
Growth chart
Effective strategies for weight management and children include
Regular physical activity
The best source of folate is
Green leafy vegetables
The older Americans act provides funds for
Congregate in-home delivered meals
Failure to thrive may be caused by
Over dilution of formula
Prescription in over-the-counter drugs can be affect nutritional status because they
May affect appetite or absorption of nutrients
For residence and long-term care facilities, the type of diet model recommended is
Least restrictive
The least restrictive diet model is recommended since it is the most beneficial to the older adult
A low birth weight less than
2500 grams
Advantages of breast-feeding for the mother include
Convenience in economy
The most common cause of anemia during pregnancy
Iron deficiency
A type of feeding not recommended for infants during the early months is
Cows milk
The mini nutritional assessment identifies
Nutritional
Three important factors that support adequate lactation
Diet fluids, rest, and relaxation
Young children should be offered
Small portions so they can ask for more if they are hungry
Drinking 3 to 4 cups of milk a day during pregnancy is recommended because milk is a good source of
Vitamin D
An adequate source of iron for a breast fed infant at eight months old is
Enrich rice cereal
The iron content of breastmilk is highly absorbable and fully meets the needs of an infant for the first six months of life. At that point, the infants nutritional needs a for iron exceeded what is provided exclusively by breastmilk in the addition of puréed enrich cereals after approximately six months of age help supply additional iron.
During pregnancy 132 pound woman should limit her intake of caffeine to
300 mg per day
Factors that influence, the nutrition needs of young adults
Physical activity
Each decade, basil energy needs decrease
One to 2%
Basal metabolic rate declines and average of one percent to 2% per decade of life
A good source of calcium for the growing child is
Milk
Milk is a good source of calcium calcium is an important nutrient for the growing child to assist with bone and to development
The most suitable first solid food for an infant six months of age would be
Infant rice cereal
And acceptable ending pregnancy weight for a woman who is pregnant pre-pregnancy weight weight is 125
150 to 160
Weight gain for a normal size woman with the body mass index of 18.5 to 24.9 is 25 to 35 pounds thus 125+25+35 = 1 50 pounds to 160
A good source of iron during pregnancy would be
Lane ground beef
It may be advisable for an older adult to take vitamin or mineral supplements
If he or she has been ill
During childhood most calories are needed for
Basal metabolic needs
What is a good choice to help alleviate constipation during pregnancy
Figs
Iron needs increased during pregnancy because of
An increased maternal blood volume
Needs are increased during pregnancy for increased hemoglobin synthesis required for the greater maternal blood value, as well as for the necessary prenatal storage of iron
A pregnant adolescent is at risk because she
Is still in a growth stage of development
Older infants can generally finger feed themselves with a refined pincer grasp at
10 to 12 months
Effective strategies to delay, the onset of type two diabetes include
Brisk walking with friends for 45 minutes most days during a lunch break
A congregate meal for seniors is
The noon meal
The feeding process is important for development of
The bonding relationship with the parent
The amount of breastmilk, the most men produce
Is governed by supply and demand
Congregate meals are most often served at
Senior centers
Energy requirements, decreased as adults age because
The number of functioning body cells decrease with age
Total weight gain during the first trimester should be approximately
2 to 4 pounds
A pregnant vegetarian can help prevent development of iron deficiency anemia by consuming foods high in
Vitamin C
An example of a food that provides building material for tissue growth is
Cheese
Biologic processes associated with aging may cause
An increase ratio of adipose to the muscle tissue
Examples of foods high in nutrient that help prevent osteoporosis are
Yogurt and canned salmon
The protein needs of an older adult are influenced by the adequacy of
Caloric intake
And very overweight, pregnant woman older than 30 years of age is at high risk for
Gestational diabetes
A condition of severe prolong and persistent vomiting during pregnancy is called
Hyper emesis gravidarum
If an older adult is losing weight, his or her caloric intake is
Less less than energy needs
During the school age years, the rate of growth
Is slow and irregular
The final major growth spurt of childhood occurs
With the onset of puberty
