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Repro 6-7 > Nutrition (PATH) > Flashcards

Nutrition (PATH) Flashcards

1
Q

Lack of protein = so low serum albumin. “wet starvation”. See edema and ascites

A

Kwashioker

-note this one is mentally dull. Marasmus is not mentally dull

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2
Q

If you have enough protein in your diet, you can make your own niacin from what amino acid

A

Tryptophan

  • note a deficiency in niacin leads to pellagra
  • in kwashiorkor you see flaking rash similar to pellagra
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3
Q

Flag sign? what is it? and when do we see it

A

Kwashioker: w/out tyrosine to make melanin, the cannot pigment

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4
Q

“monkey faces”. extreme emaciation. Starving in just general.

A

Marasumus (dry starvation)

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5
Q

what infection of the gums do we see w/ malnutrition

A

noma

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6
Q

**Marasmus or kwashiorkor. which one has a fatty liver and which has a normal liver

A

Fatty liver is kwashiorker

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7
Q

what is strachen syndrome/cuban epidemic

A

pain, paresthesias, blind spots, blindness

  • undernutrition plus tobacco plus something else
  • clown card
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8
Q

***what vitamin deficiency is more subtle to measles cause of squamous metaplasia of columnar epithelium in airway

A

vitamin A deficiency

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9
Q

some people think what color vegetables are a good source for Vit A. but erf says bullshit

A

yellow veggies

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10
Q

Bitot’s spots

A

Seen in vitamin A deficiency. Is extra keratin on the eye

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11
Q

squamous metaplasia of the eye’s normal lubricant glands cause

A

xerophthalmia (dry eyes)

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12
Q

keratomalacia? what causes it and what does it put u at risk for

A

keratin in the cornea. caused by Vit A deficiency. Trachoma (chlamydia) is a synergistic with keratomalacia

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13
Q

what produces night blindness

A

Vitamin A deficiency

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14
Q

Damn I am hungry for some polar bear liver? why shouldnt i eat it

A

Vitamin A toxicity

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15
Q

Poverty. lack of sunlight/dark skin. Junk food diet. Amateur vegetarians can cause what

A

Vitamin D lacking

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16
Q

cant get calicum in the bone. bones are soft. legs bow out

A

rickets

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17
Q

***risk factor for severe TB

A

Vitamin D deficiency.

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18
Q

Hurt all over. Think fibromayalgia. But what is it

A

vitamin D lacking

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19
Q

Harrison’s sulcus and rachitic rosary

A

rickets

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20
Q

Frayed costochondral junctions?

A

Seen in either rickets or scurvy. Rickets cant mineralize the bone matrix. Scurvy cant make the matrix

21
Q

Vitamin D overdose is seen in what kind of patients

A

kidney stone patients

22
Q

what kind anemia do we see vitamin E deficiency. patients also have fat malabsorption

A

hemolytic anemia

23
Q

Preemies. Especially “only milk” babies. fat malabsorption. Liver failure. Coumadin

A

Vitamin K deficiency

24
Q

***what vitamin if lacking can cause brain hemorrhage in babies

A

Vitamin K deficiency

25
Q

limited diets. hunger strikers. “too sick to eat well”

A 
Vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency
-note we can store thiamine up to 42 days
26
Q

wet or dry beri-beri caues cardiomyopathy (dilated)

A

wet beri- beri

27
Q

peripheral neuropathy. NUMB FINGERS and toes.

A

dry beri-beri

28
Q

what is assoicated with transketolase (the pentose phosphate shunt enzyme)

A

Vitamin B1 (thiamine)

29
Q

**If somone comes in that is thiamine-deficient. you can precipitate Wernicke’s korskoff by injecting them with what

A

glucose

30
Q

Monotonous grain-based diets (maize,sorghum/millet, hominy). ETOH. carcinoid tumors (bc use up tryptophan)

A

Vitamin B3 (niacin). deficiency produces pellagra

31
Q

The 4 D’s

A

Pellagra: dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, death

32
Q

If patient is taking phenytoin. Or is suffering from tropical sprue. this deficient cant mess them up

A

Folic acid (vitamin B9)

33
Q

shuttles methyl groups. think neural tube defects and megoblastic anemia

A

B9 folic acid

34
Q

what screen can be used for folate and B12 deficiency

A

methylmalonic acid levels

-predicts this is the future in screening

35
Q

what some ways that not being able to absorb B12, making u deficient

A

pernicious anemai, too little saliva (sjgorans), other stomach dzs, too little pancreatic juice, fish tapeworm, disease of distal ileum (chorns)

36
Q

Biotinidase deficiency is a cause of severe eye, ear, and brain damage. how

A

Eating raw eggs. Just think of rocky getting fucked up by apollo in rocky I

37
Q

Long sea voyages

A

scurvy

-is extremely painful

38
Q

what is the oxidizer needed to maintain cartilage

A

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)

39
Q

Petechiae around hair follicles; corkscrew hairs

A

Scurvy rash

40
Q

Hypochromic, microcytic anemia. People are really pale

A

iron deficiency

-will see koilonychia (spoon nails)

41
Q

**acrodermatitis enteropathica: dermatitis around the mouth and anus and on the extremities, w/ thinning of the hair and diarrhea

A

Seen in zinc deficiecncy.

42
Q

Most painful. Copper not used properly. Cannot weave keratin or collagen. Die of scurvy like disease

A

Menke’s kinky hair dz

43
Q

zinc shairs a receptor with what

A

Copper (Cu)

44
Q

Mutilates growing bones and joints. Heart problems (white muscle dz?). maybe coxsackie related

A

Selenium deficiency (kashin-beck)

45
Q

lack of seafood

A

no iodine

46
Q

how do we avoid magnesium deficiecny

A

eat green foods

47
Q

An income less than three times the cost of a varied, healthy diet

A

poverty

48
Q

an income insufficient to have enough food to work at your best capacity

A

absolute poverty

49
Q

who is Mwanawasa

A

planned famine: Zambia 2002

-looks like some grandpa you would see at arthur bryants

Repro 6-7 (6 decks)

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