Nutrition Interview Flashcards
What is a nutrition interview?
Conversation with patience in which RD asks questions to obtain info (often specific)
How is a nutrition interview conducted?
By establishing a rapport with patients/ client
-via communication skills, verbal and non verbal
What is the purpose of a nutrition interview?
- Part of Nutrition Assessment
- Basis for: changes NCP, patient education
- Differentiation based on: knowledge, behaviour and feelings
- Confidentiality and privacy
What are the first 3 steps in the opening of a interview?
- Make the first contact
- intro
- address patient by name - Break ice
- small talk
- info from medical record - Clarify purpose of the interview
What is included in the body of the interview?
- Questions to obtain inför about diet
- Planned question sequence
- Several typed of questions
- wording of questions
- directives
- listening skills
- several types of responses
What is included in the closing o the interview?
- Give works of appreciation
- Review purpose of interview
- discuss next steps
- inquire about q/concerns
- plan followup
What is a primary question?
Used to introduce new topics
What is a secondary question?
To clarify something
To elicit further information
What are open ended questions?
Non yes or no question
- more preferable
- Gives client the freedom to answer anyway they choose
- Less threatening
- Longer time in the interview
Start with: Who, What, Where, When or Why
What is a closed question?
Easily answered with just yes or no
- good for confirming facts/obtaining specific information
- Can bring closure to the interview
Usually start with: Can, did, are, have, will, would and do
What is a neutral question ?
non judgemental
more accurate answers
What is a leading question?
Personal biases
Expected answer
What are examples of primary vs secondary questions?
Where do you usually eat? (P)
What are your favourite choices on the cafeteria menu for lunch at work? (S)
What are examples of open ended vs closed questions?
What do you usually eat for meals? (O)
Do you put sugar in your coffee? (C)
What are examples of neutral vs leading questions?
How many meals do you eat each day? (N)
You eat 3 meals a day dont you? (L)
What kind of working with questions should you use and not use?
Productive:
- what
- where
- how
- tell me about
Avoid:
- Do you (gives 1 word answers)
- Why (may indicate disapproval, asks for justification)
What are responses to patient statements?
Paraphrasing Summarizing Mirroring/parroting Pausing Nodding Understanding response -express how patient feels Confrontation response -challenge to action -can inhibit rapport
What is active listening?
Hearing with thoughtful intention
What is interviewer bias?
Incorrect use of proving questions
Incorrect recording of responses
Intentional omission
Biases associated with:
- interview setting
- distractions
- confidentiality and anonymity
- degree of rapport
What CAN interviewer bias be?
- Random across days and subjects
- Systematic for a specific interviewer
- Between certain interviewers and respondents
How can you decrease interviewer bias?
- Standardizing interviewing protocols
- Use computer
Training interviewers about:
- Standardized protocol
- Anticipation and recognition of distention/bias
- Cultural sensitivity
What are some common non verbal cues in european/North American?
Making eye contact: Friendly, respectful, confident
Avoiding eye contact: cold, evasive, insecure, passive
Had over mouth: Should not have spoken, regret
Biting lip & Wringing hands: Nervous, anxious, fear-full
Shaking head
Tapping feet
Finger wagging
Crossed arms
Hunching over
Erect posture
Clenched fists
Eyes wide
What needs to be done when there is a greater difference culturally between RD and patient?
- AVOID ASSUMPTIONS
- clash in expectations
- misunderstanding of intentions and meanings
- complexity in interactions
What are some concerns when clients are from certain cultural groups?
- Trouble relating to direct question
- Believe that personal questions about themselves and background are invasive/unnecessary
What are some common misconceptions about cross cultural awareness ?
Most people who share. a common language belong to the same culture (F)
Race is a good indicator of. food selection (F)
One prerequisite for competent cross cultural interaction is awareness of ones own beliefs and values (T)
What are some cross cultural awareness tips?
Listening (T)
Patient nonverbal cues are a good indicator of how well the session is going (F)
What are some cross cultural barriers?
- If the same language isn’t shared, communication can be particularly challenging
- common mistake: Increasing the volume of voice and the client has a heavy accent
- Language barriers slow communication
How do you increase cross cultural competence?
- Be. awardee of your own cultural. background bias and world view
- Know about and be sensitive to others cultural background biases and world view
- Develop you skills in intercultural communication
What kind of questions should you include when doing an assess meant of immigrants?
- How is this kind of illness treated in your country?
- How would you describe this problem, you have?
- What does your family think should be done?
What are common non verbal cues in European/ North Americans when making and avoiding eye contact?
When listening and speaking is being friendly, sincere self confident respectful assertive
Staring is rude
What are common non verbal cues in Latinos, Native Americans and Asian Americans when making and avoiding eye contact?
Avoidance of eye contact is considered proper behaviour
What are common non verbal cues in Latinos and Filipinos when making and avoiding eye contact?
Uses sustained eye contact to challenge authority
Filipinos: Express sexual interes = eye contact
Latinos:
- avert eyes= sign of respect.
- Express sexual interest= eye contact
What are common non verbal cues in Middle. easterners when making and avoiding eye contact?
Direct. gaze for male male and female female but women may avert eyes with man
What are common non verbal cues in African Americans when making and avoiding eye contact?
Direct eye contact if speaking, but may avert if prolonged
DO not find necessary to always look at another person wile talking
Look away when listening
What are common non verbal cues in Asians when making and avoiding eye contact?
Staring is impolite
Avert eyes= sign of. respect
What are common non verbal cues inNative Americans and arabs when making and avoiding eye contact?
Not making direct eye contact= sign of respect for the speaker
Prefer indirect. gaze when listening and speaking
Arabs: staring limits the speakers freedom to talk
