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Nutrition final > Nutrition final - Water soluble vitamins > Flashcards

Nutrition final - Water soluble vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

Vitamins

A

Essential, non-caloric, organic nutrients that must be obtained through diet

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2
Q

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid functionality in the body)

A

~Antioxidant
~Collagen synthesis
-30% of protein in the body
-skin, bones, tendons, gums, teeth, blood vessels, lungs, gels
-Absorbed in the St and Si and very little is stored in the body

~Enhances absorption of non-heme iron via reduction.
~cofactor in synthesis of NE from Dopamine
-SNS activity (bronchodilator, vasoconstriction, decreed digestion)
(cognition, motivation and intellectual capacity)

Immune:

  • anti-histamine effect
  • accumulated by immune cells to stabilize and protect from cellular oxidative damage
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3
Q

Vitamin C (excess/Def)

A

Excess :
Nausea
Diarrhea

Def:

  • Scurvy = bleeding gums, painful joints, hemorrhages
  • delayed wound healing
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4
Q

Vitamin C (food)

A

citrus, kiwi, bell pepper, berries, cruciferous veggies, tomatoes

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5
Q

Thiamin - B1

A
  • co-factor in carb. metabolism (citric acid cycle)
  • Synthesis of DNA and RNA
  • Synthesis of NADP
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6
Q

Thiamin - B1 (excess/def)

A

excess :
none

Def:
beriberi (dry, wet, cerebral)***
*-dry : peripheral neuropathy (burning feet synd., exaggerated reflexes, muscle spasm, pain, tenderness
*-wet : cardiovascular manifestations (tachycardia, cardiomegaly, peripheral edema, congestive heart failure)
*-Wernicke-Korsakoff synd.
-brain damage (abnormal eye movement, stance and gait abnormalities, cognitive (profound memory loss))
~occurs in alcoholicst

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7
Q

Thiamin - B1 (food)

A 
Beef
Liver
whole grains
sunflower, flax
legumes
peas
spinach, brussel sprouts, asparagus
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8
Q

Riboflavin - B2

A
  • VITAMIN METAB.
  • gives vitamins bright yellow color
  • metab. of carbs, lipids and proteins
  • antioxidant
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9
Q

Riboflavin - B2 (excess/def)

A

Excess: none

Def : rare - in combo with other b vitamins

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10
Q

Riboflavin - B2 (food)

A 
Dairy
Mushrooms
Soy
Almonds
Green leafy veggies
Beef, liver, lamb
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11
Q

Niacin - B3

A

Oxidatition-reduction rxns
-needed in over 200 enzymatic rxns.
-catabolis of carbs, lipids, proteins and alcohol.
Cellular signaling

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12
Q

Niacin - B3 (excess/def)

A

Excess:
-niacin flush due to histamine release
-hepatotoxicity and increased liver enzymes
Def:
~pellagra - 4 D’s - Dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, death
~caused by chronic alcohol abuse, prolonged diarrhea, Gi disease (IBD)

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13
Q

Niacin-B3 (foods)

A 
Meat
Fish
Spelt
Peas
Peanuts
Mushrooms
Eggs
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14
Q

Pantothenic Acid - B5

A 
Component of Coenzyme A
-synthesis of:
macronutrients
steroid hormone
ach
melatonin
heme
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15
Q

Pantothenic Acid - B5 (excess/def)

A

Excess : none

Def:

  • chronic stress
  • depleted by antibiotics, aspirin, beta blockers
  • HA, fatigue, insomnia, Gi disturbance, peripheral neuropathy
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16
Q

Pantothenic Acid - B5 (foods)

A 
mushrooms
avocado
cruciferous veggies
yogurt
sweet potato
seeds
liver
fish
17
Q

Pyridoxine - B6

A
  • synthesis of serotonin from tryptophan
  • heme production
  • inhibits steroid hormone fx
  • nucleic acid synthesis
18
Q

Pyridoxine- B6 (excess/def)

A

Excess : none

Def: depression

19
Q

Pyridoxine - B6 (food)

A 
legumes
sunflower seeds
spinach
eggs
meat
fish
poultry
20
Q

Cobalamin - B12

A

-homocysteine metabolism

Red Blood Cell metabolism:

  • healthy stem cells
  • Growth inducers
  • Cell division (DNA rep., building blocks of DNA)
  • Hemoglobin synthesis
21
Q

Cobalamin - B12 (excess/def)

A

Excess : none

Def : complete blood count CBC shows high corpuscular vol.

  • pernicious anemia
  • memory loss
  • peripheral neuropathy
22
Q

Cobalamin - B12 (food)

A

meat, dairy, fish,poultry

nutritional yeast

23
Q

Folic Acid

A

Nucleic acid metab.

AA Metab.

24
Q

Folic Acid (excess/def)

A

Excess : none

Def :

  • increased homocysteine levels
  • megaloblastic anemia (fatigue, weakness, SOB)
  • Neural tube defects during pregnancy
25
Q

Folic acid (food)

A
  • Spinach, broccoli, avocado, beets
  • citrus
  • nuts/seeds
  • legumes
26
Q

Biotin

A

-produced by gut bacteria of Si and colon
(citric acid cycle, DNA replication)
-cofactor in gluconeogeneis

27
Q

biotin (excess/def)

A

Excess: none

Def:

  • anticonvulsant Rxn, L-T consumption of raw egg whites
  • Hairloss, brittle nails, red, scaly rash around eyes, nose and mouth
  • neurologica : ataxia, seizures
28
Q

Biotin (food)

A 
Liver
Eggs, cooked
Avocado
Salmon
Yeast
nuts, seeds, peanuts

Nutrition final (4 decks)

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