Nutrition Final - Trace Minerals

Question 1

Trace minerals (function)

Answer 1

facilitate metabolism, energy production, cell repair, support bodily structures including bones, muscles, organs, hormones…

Work synergistically with vitamins and other essential nutrients in small amounts.

Question 2

Trace Minerals

Answer 2

Canned instant zebras carve illustrative scenes

Chromium
Iron 
Zinc
Copper
Iodine
Selenium

Himalayan, celtic and Hawaiian sea salt ~ bueno **

Question 3

Iron (function)

Answer 3

-Found in HEmoGlobin and MyoGlobin

• oxygen transport and storage
• oxidation-reduction rxns
• DNA synthesis

Question 4

Heme vs Nonheme Iron (& foods)

Answer 4

Heme = 10% of avg iron intake and well absorbed.
-40% of Fe in meat, fish and poultry = heme

Nonheme - accounts for 90% but is less well absorbed.
-iron in foods derived from plants = nonheme

Foods:
Heme - meat, poultry, fish
Nonheme - meat, dried fruit, nuts, seeds, soy
(cast iron cookware*)

• ***CLAMS!
• **Liver
• *Parsley
• broccoli

Question 5

Iron (excess/def)

Answer 5

Excess :
Iron overload
Hemochromatosis

Def:
Iron storage depletion
Early fx Fe def.
Iron def. anemia
-fatigue, weakness, tachycardia, tachypnea

Question 6

ZInc (functions)

Answer 6

Insulin production
Immune fx
Taste perception
Transport of Vit. A
Wound healing
Spermatogenesis
Growth of developing fetus

Question 7

Zing (excess/Def)

Answer 7

Excess :
Vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, HA, fatigue

Def. :
Children:
stunted growth, immature sexual development.

Adults:

• Impaired digestion and absorption
• Weakened immune system
• Poor motor cognitive ability
• Impaired Vit A metab - vision

Question 8

Zinc (food)

Answer 8

***Seafood - (OYSTERS, lobster, crab, shrimp)
**Meat
*Dairy (yogurt)
Eggs
Legumes
Seeds
Nuts

Question 9

Chromium

Answer 9

-Carbohydrate and protein metabolism

-GLUT 4 transporter
increases uptake of glucose and improves insulin sensitivity

Question 10

Chromium (excess/def.)

Answer 10

Excess : N/A

Def: Blood sugar abnormalities (diabetes sx)

Question 11

Chromium (foods)

Answer 11

Broccoli
Meats and eggs
Brewers yeast
Sweet potato

Question 12

Iodine

Answer 12

Thyroid hormone structure and fx.

-regulates growth, development and metabolism

Question 13

Iodine ( excess/def)

Answer 13

Excess :
-Goiter

Def:

• Goiter
• Decreased thyroid hormone production
• Cretinism - severely impaired mental and physical growth in infants

Question 14

Iodine (foods - goitrogens)

Answer 14

Seafood
Seaweed
Iodized salt
Dairy
Plants that grow in iodine rich soil

Goitrogens

• raw cruciferous veggies
• peanuts,pinenuts
• peaches,pears,strawberries
• soy and canola

Question 15

Selenium

Answer 15

• antioxidant systems

- thyroid metabolism

Question 16

Selenium (excess/def.)

Answer 16

Excess:

• loss and brittleness of hair and nails
• fatigue

Def:

• Concurrent thyroid disease
• Keshan Disease (cardiac abnormality - muscles become fibrous)

Question 17

Selenium (foods)

Answer 17

**Brazil nuts
Meat (chicken liver)
Seafood (mackerel)
Eggs

Question 18

COpper

Answer 18

• Aids Fe absorption and Hemoglobin synthesis
• NS fx (neurotransmitter production)
• Collagen synthesis

Question 19

Copper (excess/Def)

Answer 19

Excess :

• Liver damage
• Wilson’s disease(accumulation of copper in brain and liver)

Def:
-anemia

Question 20

Copper (foods)

Answer 20

• seafood
• nuts
• seeds
• legumes
• whole grains