nutrition (final)

Question 1

malnutrition interventions

Answer 1

increase calorie and protein
daily weights
between meal supplements
appetitie stimulants
NG, PEG, jejunostomy

Question 2

TPN

Answer 2

total parental nutrition

central venous catheter - STERILE
extended period of intensive nutritional support
high concentrations of proteins and dextrose

Question 3

PPN

Answer 3

partial parental nutrition
peripheral IV access
can tolerate some oral feedings
lipid emulsion + amino acid - dextrose solutions

Question 4

enteral feedings

Answer 4

preferred method
NG / G tube
less than 5-10 days

Question 5

how is gut integrity maintained?

Answer 5

thru enteral feedings
minimizes sepsis

Question 6

parental RF

Answer 6

heart failure
diabetes
electrolyte disorders
pulmonary disease

Question 7

how often should you check the infusion rate?

Answer 7

every 30 minutes

never increase or decrease infusion rate

Question 8

great indicator of obesity

Answer 8

waist circumference
>40’ in men
>35’ in women

Question 9

primary obesity

Answer 9

greater calories than expenditure

Question 10

secondary obesity

Answer 10

congenital
can be due to meds

Question 11

consequences of obesity

Answer 11

adipocytes
increase in fat mass

Question 12

adipocytes consequences

Answer 12

insulin resistance
cancers
decreased immunity
atherosclerosis

Question 13

leptin

Answer 13

suppresses appetite
increases fat metabolism

Question 14

ghrelin

Answer 14

secreted in hypothalamus
regulates appetite thru inhibition of leptin

Question 15

nutritional therapy

Answer 15

fruits and veggies
sufficient protein
bulk to prevent constipation

oatmeal, whole grains, broccoli, grapefruit, fish, almonds, spinach, carrots

Question 16

metabolic syndrome

Answer 16

closely linked to overweight or obesity and inactivity

Question 17

metabolic syndrome RF

Answer 17

age
ethnicity
obesity
diabetes

Question 18

metabolic syndrome prevention

Answer 18

no smoking
eat veggies, fruits, lean protein
limit salt and saturated fats
30 mins of physical activity daily

Question 19

restrictive procedure

Answer 19

less food eaten

Question 20

malabsorptive procedure

Answer 20

small intestine is shortened and bypass so less food is absorbed

Question 21

preoperative care bariatric surgery

Answer 21

larger gown
larger BP cuff
practice cough and deep breathing
incentive spirometer

Question 22

postoperative care bariatric surgery

Answer 22

careful diet transition
early ambulation
turning pt
reduced intake due to anatomy changes
30mL q2hrs water/ clear liquids

Question 23

adjustable gastric banding AGB

Answer 23

uses band to create gastric pouch

Question 24

sleeve gastrectomy

Answer 24

sleeve shaped stomach; removes 75% of stomach

Question 25

biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) w/ duodenal switch

Answer 25

anastomosis between stomach and intestine

Question 26

roux-en-Y gastric bypass

Answer 26

gastric pouch with Y - shaped outlet of small intestine

Question 27

diet after bariatric surgery

Answer 27

increased protein liquid diet
decreased carbs and fat

6 small feedings a day
fluid less than 1000 mL per day