inflammation (final) Flashcards
what is asthma
inflammation of the airway
asthma causes
sinus issues
triggers (air pollution, drugs, food, smoke)
RTIs
genetics
aspirin and NSAIDS
asthma s/s
wheezing
color (cyanosis)
confusion
SOB
cough
asthma interventions
remove triggers
O2, IV fluids
high fowlers
bronchodilators/ albuterol (rescue)
wash linens in HOT water
daily peak flow meter
asthma labs / diagnostic tests
pulmonary function test
peak flow meter
chest xray
what is COPD
airflow obstruction/ inflammation
copd causes
smoking/asthma
reoccurring respiratory infections
air pollution/ chemicals
age/ genetics
inactivity / overweight
copd s/s
barrel chest
clubbing
cough w/ sputum
dyspnea on exertion
wheezing, rhonchi
fatigue
right sided heart failure
copd labs / diagnostic tests
sputum cultures / WBC count
increased hematocrit
ABG
copd interventions
O2, high fowlers
antibiotics / bronchodilators
cough, deep breathing
6 minute walk test
nutrition
avoid triggers
small frequent meals
conserve energy
what is malnutrition?
more or less than body requires
malnutrition causes
alcohol use
depression
illness
incomplete diets
socioeconomic factors ($$$)
malnutrition s/s
dry- scaley skin
brittle nails
weakness, confusion
rash
mouth ulcers
excema
malnutrition interventions
supplemental electrolytes
daily weights
physical assessment
nutrition screening
what is chrons disease?
autoimmune inflammatory disease of the GI tract
‘gum to bum’
entire lining inflammed
chrons inflammation is ______
scattered patches
not continuous
chrons disease causes
genetics
family Hx
immune system attacks and destroys healthy body tissue
chrons disease s/s
diarrhea - less bloody
abd. pain RLQ pain
anal fissures
mouth ulcers
weight loss - malnourishment
chrons disease interventions
5 ASA’s
immune suppressors
corticosteroids
vitamins
bowel resection
decrease fiber
barium enema
camera capsule endoscopy
not typical for surgery - will reoccur
what is ulcerative colitis?
autoimmune inflammatory of the colon and rectum
inner lining inflamed
ulcerative colitis inflammation is _______
continuous
whole colon
ulcerative colitis causes
age
race
diet
birth control
antibiotics
ulcerative colitis s/s
U rgent/frequent bm
L oss of weight, Low RBCs
C ramps in abd LLQ
E lectrolyte imbalances, Elevated temp
R ectal bleeding
S evere diarrhea w/ blood
ulcerative colitis interventions
IV fluids
manage pain
barium enemas
5 ASA
corticosteroids
immune suppressors
surgery is common -colostomy
hemodynamically stable
IV to PO meds
peptic ulcers
anywhere there are gastric secretions
more common 50 yrs and older
duodenal ulcers s/s
pain gnawing
pain in middle of the night
GI bleeding (black, tarry stool)
normal weight
food makes it better
3-4hrs after meals pain
duodenal ulcers
found in duodenum
most common (80% PU)
gastric ulcers
occurs in any portion of stomach
prevelant in women
> 50yrs
caused by delayed emptying
gastric ulcers s/s
weight loss
pain dull and aching
pain 30min-1hr after meals
increased pain with food
vomitting blood / coffee grounds
peptic ulcer disease risk factors
stress
nsaids usage
H. Pylori
alcohol
smoking
genetics
peptic ulcer disease complications
hemorrhage
GI bleeding
perforation
gastric outlet obstruction / bowel blockage
increased risk of GI cancer
