Nutrition and Nutrients

Question 1

Definition of Enzymes

Answer 1

Proteins that speed up the chemical processes in the body

Question 2

Definition of Hormones

Answer 2

The body’s chemical messengers and metabolic regulators

Question 3

3 Functions of Protein

Answer 3

1. Builds, maintains and repairs body tissue
2. Manufactures antibodies to help diseases
3. Regulates blood sugar and helps with blood clotting

Question 4

How much energy dopes the body need daily(in KJ)

Answer 4

16,8 Kj

Question 5

Whats are the molecules called that form protein?

Answer 5

Amino acids

Question 6

How many Amino Acids does the Body need daily and how many HAVE to come from food?

Answer 6

Daily=22
Come from food=8

Question 7

3 High Value Protein Foods

Answer 7

1.Eggs
2. Meat
3. Chicken

Question 8

3 Effects of Too Much Protein

Answer 8

1. Increased amounts of Calcium which can cause the body to excrete it in urine
   2.Heart disease
2. Kidney stones

Question 9

3 Effects of Too Little Protein

Answer 9

1. Protein energy malnutrition
2. Sever forms of Marasmus
3. and Kwasiorkor

Question 10

3 Groups Carbohydrates are Divided into?

Answer 10

1. Starch
2. Sugar
3. Cellulose

Question 11

Definition of Glucose

Answer 11

Also known as blood sugar, is the body’s main source of energy

Question 12

Definition of Fructose

Answer 12

Sugar found in fruit

Question 13

Definition of Sucrose

Answer 13

Common table sugar, extracted from Cane/Beat

Question 14

Definition of Lactose

Answer 14

Sugar found in Milk

Question 15

What percentage of the body’s daily energy has to come from starch?

Answer 15

55%

Question 16

3 Functions of Dietary Fibre

Answer 16

1. Keeps digestive system healthy
2. Increases facial bulk
3. Helps control blood sugar/glucose levels

Question 17

Effect of Too Much Carbs

Answer 17

Goo much can be burned and end up being stored as body fat

Question 18

Effects of Too Little Carbs

Answer 18

1. Causes an imbalance in the metabolism
2. Uses protein energy source which causes a breakdown in the muscles
3. Nausea, Fatigue

Question 19

3 Functions of Fats and Lipids

Answer 19

1. Provides a concentrated source of energy
2. Helps to digest food
3. Regulates body temperature

Question 20

Effects of Too Much Fats/Lipids

Answer 20

1. Heart disease
2. High blood pressure
3. Obesity

Question 21

Effect of Too Little Fats/Lipids

Answer 21

Affects body’s metabolism

Question 22

What are Saturated Fats?

Answer 22

1. Solid at room temperature
2. Intake should be limited to one third of the total fat intake

Question 23

What are Polyunstrated Fats?

Answer 23

1. Essential fat
2. Can be found in vegetables

Question 24

What are Trans Fatty Acids?

Answer 24

1. Produced when hydrogen is pumped into the oil to make it solid at room temperature
2. This fat is harmful and cause cardiovascular diseases

Question 25

What is Cholesterol?

Answer 25

A fat like substance that can be found in animal foods such as meat, chicken and eggs

Question 26

3 Sources of Cholesterol

Answer 26

1. Made naturally by the body
   2.Egg yolks
   3.Milk

Question 27

How Much of the Body Contains Water?

Answer 27

70%

Question 28

3 Places Water is Found

Answer 28

1.Cells
2.Blood
3.Tissue

Question 29

3 Functions of Water

Answer 29

1. Part of the body fluids that transport nutrients
   2.Blood transports CO2 and oxygen
2. Removes waste from body tissue and organs