Nutrition and Nutraceuticals for the Rehab Patient Flashcards
What are some increased risks related to obesity in patients?
Cancers, diabetes mellitus in cats, arthritis, uroliths.
T/F maintaining a lean body condition from puppyhood throughout the dog’s life is associated with increased longevity and delayed onset of signs of chronic disease?
True- Dogs that were obese as puppies had an increased liklihood to have disease later in life.
What are some risk factors that can lead to obese patients?
Calorie dense food
Excessive calories fed (overfeeding)
Low energy expenditure
Energy consumed is too high relative to energy expenditure
What is the BCS goal?
5/9 for normal patients
4/9 for patients with joint disease
6/9 for patients with chronic disease that carries risk of cachexia
T/F Animals cannot be overweight and also have muscle loss?
False
What are the 4 points of muscle condition scoring?
Spine
Shoulder blades
Skull
Hips
What is 1 point on the BCS scale worth body weight % wise?
10%
What are the KCAL percentages in regards to treats throughout the day
90% KCAL from balanced food
10% KCAL from treats
What are the key components to a weight loss diet?
Meets all essential nutrient requirement
High protein to maintain muscle.
Low fat
High fiber- satiety
T/F Some weight loss diets are better than others?
False ish
As long as the diet fits the requirements and meets all nutritional needs of animals for the most part they are all equal.
Why is protein important in a weight loss diet?
Enhances the food
Maintains muscle mass and BMR
Satiety
How much protein is required for cats and dogs in their food.
Dogs: 2g per kg BW
Cats: 3g per kg BW
What are some technique to manage food seeking behavior?
High protein, high fiber diet
High fiber foods between meals or too add bulk to a meal (veggies)
Small frequent meals (3-4x a day)
Respond with exercise, training or play.
T/F rehab can be used for obese animals even if they do not technically have a disease?
true- can be used as part of weight loss plan and/or to support their bodies
How should someone monitor their pets weight loss?
Every 2 weeks do a BCS and MCS.
BW: target loss is 1-2% every week. Need to monitor for plateau in weight loss or no initial weight loss.
What do you do if the pet looses too much weight?
Not enough weight?
IF >2% loss, add 10-20% food volume
If <1% loss reduce food volume by 20%
What is the #1 cause of lack of compliance for weight loss?
Poor or inadequate pet-owner education
What is a nutraceutical?
Food or parts of food that provide medical or health benefits, including the prevention and treatment of disease
AKA supplement
T/F Nutraceuticals are NOT regulated in the US
False- they are regulated but surveillance is limited.
What is AAFCO
Association of American feed control officials.
Charged with regulating the sale and distribution of animal feed and drug remedies.
NOT a regulatory body.
T/F you should check an animal has a complete and balanced diet before recommending a nutraceutical?
True
What should you look for when evaluating a nutraceutical?
If animal product if its regulated under FFCA and/or AAFCO.
Guaranteed analysis
Guidelines for use
If manufacturer researches product
if quality control present
T/F OMEGA-3 has anti-inflammatory properties and is essential in cat and dogs while Omega-6 has inflammatory action
True
What other uses do OMEGA 3 fatty acid have?
Decrease joint inflammation, reduce clinical signs of osteoarthritis, +/- help with pain reduction.
