Nutrition and Exercise Counseling

Question 1

Nutrition includes which elements?

Answer 1

• procurement
• ingestion
• mechanical/chemical breakdown
• absorption
• transport
• cellular utilization

Question 2

What is the role of a physician in nutrition?

Answer 2

• to screen for nutritional deficiencies/excesses
• to counsel and educate
• to serve as a referral base

Question 3

What are some different ways of going about gathering a nutritional history from a patient?

Answer 3

• 24hr food recall
• 48-72hr diet diary
• “usual diet”
• food frequency questionnaire
• ongoing food log

Question 4

How much sodium should we be consuming per day?

Answer 4

2,300 mg or less

Question 5

How much of our daily calories should come from added sugars and saturated fats?

Answer 5

<10% from added sugars and <10% from saturated fats

Question 6

Veganism is associated with a deficiency in which crucial nutrient?

Answer 6

vitamin B12 (because it is found in a large number of animal products but NOT plant products)

Question 7

What percentage of Americans are meeting the recommended amount of physical activity per week?

Answer 7

only 25%

Question 8

How many minutes per week should we be exercising to get substantial health benefits?

Answer 8

150 minutes of moderate to vigorous aerobic exercise (double this amount for more extensive health benefits)

Question 9

Youth ages 6 to 17 need at least ___ minutes of physical activity per day.

Answer 9

60

Question 10

Taking up exercise vs. stopping exercise is the equivalent to what?

Answer 10

quitting smoking vs. starting smoking

Question 11

True or false: Risk reduction occurs with exercise even in the presence of factors?

Answer 11

True!

Question 12

How is fitness level related to all cause and CV mortality?

Answer 12

inversely related

Question 13

What is considered high risk vs. moderate risk for exercise?

Answer 13

• high: known or equivalent cardiovascular, pulmonary, or metabolic disease
• moderate: greater than or = to 2 CAD risk factors

Question 14

What is considered low risk for exercise?

Answer 14

• asymptomatic w/ no known CAD
• men younger than 45 and women younger than 55
• no more than 1 risk factor

Question 15

What are the risk factors for developing CAD?

Answer 15

• age
• family Hx
• cigarette smoking
• sedentary lifestyle
• obesity
• HTN
• hypercholesteremia
• impaired fasting glucose

Question 16

A negative risk factor for exercise is what?

Answer 16

HDL greater than or equal to 60

Question 17

What is the scale for RPE (Rating of Perceived Exertion)?

Answer 17

9-20 (from very light to maximal exertion)