Nutrition and development Flashcards
head circumfrence at birth and how much should it grow?
birth: 13-14 in
1st 3 mos: +0.75 in/mos
mos 4-6: +0.4in/mos
mos 6-12: +0.5in/mos
head and chest equal usually by 1-2 yrs of age
length until 3 yrs
birth: 19-21 in
1st 6 mos: +1in/month
50% of birth length by 12 mos
toddlers: 3in/yr
height for preschool to teens
3 yr: 37.5in
5 yrs: 43.5
Preschoolers: +2.5-3.5 in/yr
school age: +2 in/yr
teen girls: stop growing 2-2.5 yrs after menarche
teen boys: stop growing at age 18-20
weight until 30 mos
6-9 lbs and goes down 10%, but by day 10-14 days, returns to baseline
5 months: double
6 mos: 16lbs
12 months triple birth
30 months: 4x’s birthweight
In females, sexual maturation occurs in the following order
Breast development
Pubic hair growth (some females experience hair growth before breast development)
Axillary hair growth
Menstruation
In males, sexual maturation occurs in the following order.
Testicular enlargement
Pubic hair growth
Penile enlargement
Axillary hair growth
Facial hair growth
Vocal changes
fontanel closure
posterior closes 2-3 months
anterior closes afte in 12-18 mos
weight from 30 mos to teenage years
30 months: 4x’s birthweight
3 yrs: 32 lbs
5yrs: 41lbs
Preschoolers: +4.5-6.5 lb/yr
school age gain a bit wider range a year 4.4-6.6/yr
teenagers- weight gain of 15.5-66 lb can be normal
dentition
birth first teeth average 8 mos
12 mos: 6-8 teeth
first set finalized by beginning of preschool
first adult teeth start around 6
sleep
birth: 14-15 hrs and 9-11 hrs at night and nocturnal sleep pattern est by 3-4 mos
by 1 year, infants sleep through night and take one to two naps during the day
toddlers: 11-12 hrs
preschool: night terrors 12 hrs
school and teens 9 yrs with resistance to bedtime
milk in infants and kids with infant nutrition
breastmilk until at least 6 mos
iron supplement at four months
juice and water is ok 4-6 oz/day
meats/citrus after veggies and fruit
whole milk from 12 mos (16-24 oz) to 2 yrs, lowfat thereafter
toddler: 1 cup of fruit daily
toddler serving size: 1/4 or 1/3 of adults or 1 tsp/yr of age
calories and macros for preschooler
preschooler 12-1400 cal
5 servings of fruit and veggies
fat: 30% of total caloric intake over several days
proteins: 13-19g (2-4 oz)
teenage nutrition deficiencies and increased needs
During times of rapid growth, additional calcium, iron, protein, and zinc are needed.
Inadequate intake of folic acid, vitamin B6, vitamin A, iron, calcium, and zinc is common.
macro for adults
carbs 45-65%
proteins 10-35%
lipids 20-35%
fiber recommendation for women and men
women 25 g
men: 38g
iron RDA for nonpregnant, pregnant and lactating
teens:
18, 27, 9 mg
teen females: 15
teen males: 11
calcium RDA for nonpregnant, pregnant and lactating
teens?
1000 for everyone including 15 for vit D
1,300 for teens
folic acid and vit A, and protein RDA for nonpregnant, pregnant and lactating
400 mcg, 600, 500
A: 700mcg, 770mcg, 1,300mcg
protein: 46g, 71g, 71g
What is the max amount of forumla an infant should eat in 24 hrs?
32 oz
