Nutrition

Question 1

what is nutrition?

Answer 1

science that investigates the relationship between physiological functon and the essential elements of foods we eat

Question 2

what are nutrients?

Answer 2

constituents of food that sustains us physiologically

Question 3

what are macros vs micros?

Answer 3

macros:

protein, fat, carbs

micros:

vitamins and minerals

Question 4

what is hunger?

Answer 4

feeling associated with physoiological need to eat

Question 5

what is appetite?

Answer 5

the urge/desire to eat something spesific

Question 6

what are the differences of macronutrients and micronutrients?

Answer 6

Macronutrients:

• needed in greater amounts
• build/maintain body tissue and provide energy
• carbs, fats, proteins

Micronutrients:

• needed in smaller amounts
• essential for many processes, including cell functions
• vitamins/minerals

Question 7

what is critical for survival and normal functioning?

Answer 7

water

Question 8

who consumes more calories per peson than many others in the world?

Answer 8

Canadians

Question 9

what is a calorie?

Answer 9

a unit of measure that indicates the amount of energy we obtain from a food

Question 10

what is dehydration?

Answer 10

abnormal depletion of body fluids

Question 11

what percentage of our body weight is water?

Answer 11

50-60%

Question 12

what are the dietary reference water intake recommendations for males and females?

Answer 12

males (19-50):

3 Litres

Females (19-50):

2.2 Litres

Question 13

what is the desirable urine colour?

Answer 13

pale yellow

Question 14

what is the main fuel source for the brain?

Answer 14

carbs

Question 15

carbs are the key energy source for what?

Answer 15

muscular contraction

Question 16

how many calories of energy/gram for carbs?

Answer 16

4Kcals

Question 17

what are the 2 types of carbs?

Answer 17

Simple:

• glucose, glycogen
• easier for the body to break down

Complex:

• starch (fuel source)
• fibre (not a fuel source)

Question 18

what are the functions of protein?

Answer 18

• build and repair body tissue
• regulate metabolism/ protect from disease
• usual not a major fuel source

Question 19

what are the basic structural units for protein?

Answer 19

amino acids

Question 20

what are the differences of complete and incomplete proteins?

Answer 20

Complete:

• only in animal foods and soy products
• contain all essential amino acids

Incomplete:

• present in vegetable sources
• missing one or more essential amino acids

Question 21

fats are known as what?

Answer 21

triglycerides

Question 22

how many calories of energy per gram for fats?

Answer 22

9Kcal

Question 23

vitamin facts

Answer 23

• help regulate growth and metabolism
• water-soluble vitamins are not stored in the body (B/C)
• fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the body (A, D, E, K)

Question 24

what are minerals and three key minerals?

Answer 24

chemical elements that help the body function

3 key minerals:

• calcium
• iron
• sodium

Question 25

what is osteoporosis?

Answer 25

calcium deficiency diesease

Question 26

what is amenia?

Answer 26

iron definciency health problem

Question 27

what is hypertension (high blood pressure)?

Answer 27

tied too much sodium