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NCLEX > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

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1
Q

Foods high in Calcium

A
  • cheese
  • collard greens
  • milk and soy milk
  • rhubarb
  • sardines
  • tofu
  • yogurt
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2
Q

Foods high in chloride

A

-salt

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3
Q

Foods high in iron

A
  • breads and cereals
  • dark green veggies
  • dried fruits
  • egg yolk
  • legumes
  • liver
  • meats
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4
Q

Foods high in magnesium

A
  • avocado
  • canned white tuna
  • cauliflower
  • cooked rolled oats
  • green leafy veggies
  • milk
  • PB
  • peas
  • pork, beef, chicken
  • potatoes
  • raisins
  • yogurt
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5
Q

Foods high in phosphorous

A
  • fish
  • nuts
  • organ meats
  • pork, beef, chk
  • whole grain breads and cereals
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6
Q

Foods high in potassium

A
  • avocados
  • banana
  • cantaloupe
  • carrots
  • fish
  • mushrooms
  • oranges
  • pork, beef, veal
  • potatoes
  • spinach
  • raisins
  • strawberries
  • tomatoes
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7
Q

Foods high in sodium

A
  • bacon
  • butter
  • canned food
  • cheese
  • cured pork
  • hot dogs
  • ketchup
  • lunch meat
  • milk
  • mustard
  • processed food
  • snack food
  • soy sauce
  • table salt
  • white and whole wheat bread
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8
Q

Foods high in zinc

A
  • eggs
  • leafy veggies
  • meats
  • protein rich foods
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9
Q

Water-soluble vitamins

A
  • folic acid
  • niacin
  • vit B1 (thiamine)
  • vit B2 (riboflavin)
  • vit B6 (pyridoxine)
  • vit B12 (cobalamin)
  • vit C (ascorbic acid)
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10
Q

Folic acid examples

A
  • green leafy veggies
  • liver, beef, fish
  • legumes
  • grapefruit and oranges
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11
Q

Niacin examples

A
  • meats
  • poultry
  • fish
  • beans
  • peanuts
  • grains
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12
Q

Vit B1 (thiamine) examples

A
  • pork and nuts
  • whole grain cereals
  • legumes
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13
Q

Vit B2 (riboflavin) examples

A
  • milk
  • lean meats
  • fish
  • grains
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14
Q

Vit B6 (pyridoxine) examples

A
  • yeast
  • corn
  • meat
  • poultry
  • fish
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15
Q

Vit B12 (cobalamin) examples

A
  • meat

- liver

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16
Q

Vit C (ascorbic acid) examples

A
  • citrus fruits
  • tomatoes
  • broccoli
  • cabbage
17
Q

Fat-soluble vitamins

A

-vit A
-vit D
-vit E
-vit K
(these vitamins can be stored in the body so excess can cause toxicity)

18
Q

Vit A examples

A
  • liver
  • egg yolk
  • whole milk
  • green/orange veggies
  • fruits
19
Q

Vit D examples

A
  • fortified milk
  • fish oil
  • cereals
20
Q

Vit E examples

A
  • veggie oils
  • green leafy veggies
  • cereals
  • apricots
  • apples
  • peaches
21
Q

Vit K examples

A
  • green leafy veggies
  • cauliflower
  • cabbage
22
Q

Examples of “clear liquids/foods”

A
  • water
  • bouillon
  • clear broth
  • carbonated beverages
  • gelatin
  • hard candy
  • lemonade
  • ice pops
  • reg/decaffeinated coffee/tea
23
Q

Full liquid diet examples

A
  • plain ice cream
  • sherbet
  • breakfast drinks
  • milk
  • pudding/custard
  • strained soups
  • refined cooked cereals
  • fruit juices
  • strained veggie juices
24
Q

Low-fiber (residue) diet

A
  • white bread
  • refined cooked cereals
  • cooked potatoes without skin
  • white rice
  • refined pasta

Foods to limit/avoid: raw fruits (except bananas),veggies, nuts/seeds,plant fibers, whole grains

25
Q

High-fiber (high residue) diet

A
  • fruits
  • veggies
  • whole grains
26
Q

Gas forming foods

A
  • apples
  • artichokes
  • barley
  • beans
  • bran
  • broccoli
  • brussels sprouts
  • cabbage
  • celery
  • figs
  • melons
  • milk
  • molasses
  • nuts
  • onions
  • radishes
  • soybeans
  • wheat
  • yeast
27
Q

DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop HTN) diet

A
  • fruits
  • veggies
  • whole grains
  • low fat dairy
  • meat
  • fish
  • poultry
  • nuts
  • beans

To limit: high sugar foods/drinks, red meats, added fats

28
Q

Indications for high calorie/protein diet

A
  • severe stress
  • burns, wound healing
  • cancer, immunodeficiency
  • COPD, resp failure
  • any type of debilitating disease
29
Q

Indications for Na restricted diet

A

-HTN
-HF
renal disease
-cardiac disease
-liver disease

30
Q

Indications for protein restricted diet

A
  • renal disease

- end stage liver disease

31
Q

indication for low K diet

A
  • impaired renal function
  • hypoaldosteronism
  • addisons disease
  • immunosuppresive meds
32
Q

Indications for low purine diet

A
  • gout
  • kidney stones
  • elevated uric acid levels
33
Q

Examples of low purine diet

A

To restrict:

  • anchovies
  • herring
  • mackerel
  • sardines
  • scallops
  • organ meats
  • gravies
  • meat extracts
  • wild game
  • goose
  • sweet bread
34
Q

Vegan diet

A

follow a strict vegetarian diet and consume no animal foods

35
Q

Locto-vegetarian diet

A

eat milk, cheese, and dairy foods but avoid meat, fish, poultry, eggs

NCLEX (9 decks)

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