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Y2 Pediatrics > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

condensed milk, usually not recommended for infant feeding, is mixed as follows: for 1/2 oz of condensed milk, ___ oz of water should be added

A

condensed 100 kcal/oz
isocaloric (breastmilk) 20kcal/oz

1/2 oz of condensed milk: 2 oz of water

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2
Q

An omega-3 fatty acid considered to be the main structural component in the brain

A

DHA (docosahexanoic acid)

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3
Q

the precursor of adenocortical hormones (e.g. cortisol, aldosterone)

A

cholesterol

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4
Q

the precursor of sex hormones (e.g. testosterone, estrogen, progesterone)

A

cholesterol

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5
Q

stabilizer of plasma membrane that surrounds all cells of the body

A

cholesterol

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6
Q

BMI formula

A

kg/m2

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7
Q

Normal BMI

A

18.5-24.9

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8
Q

BMI. Obese range.

A
  1. 0-34.9 obese

35. 0-39.9 moderately obese

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9
Q

true of breastmilk, except:

a. whey-casein ratio is 60:40
b. mostly a-lactalbumin
c. low methionine:cysteine ratio
d. contains traces only of lactoferrin
e. low levels of phenylalanine and tyrosine

A

FALSE ang

b. mostly a-lactalbumin

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10
Q

the following increases glycemic index of foods:

a. processing
b. fats
c. fiber
d. a and b
e. all

A

ALL

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11
Q

inhibits synthesis of ovarian steroids, thus causing delay in ovulation

A

prolactin

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12
Q

can lead to vit K deficiency:

a. GI disorder that could lead to vitK deficiency
b. insufficient prodn of bile acids
c. intake of drugs like antibiotics, coumarin and salicylates
d. a and c
e. all

A

ALL

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13
Q

nutrient in mature breastmilk which is dependent on maternal diet

A

fatty acids

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14
Q

1st clinical sign of hypovitaminosis A (vitA deficiency):

A

xerosis conjunctivitis

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15
Q

vitamin d. true or false.

dark skinned people need more exposure to sunlight than light-skinned people to generate the same amount of vit.D

A

true

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16
Q

vitamin d. true or false.

UVA, the healing rays of sunlight, can penetrate glass

A

true

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17
Q

vitamin d. true or false.

the farther one lives from the equator, the longer the exposure needed to the sum in order to generate vit. D

A

true

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18
Q

daily requirement for first year of life

A

80-120kcal/kg BW

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19
Q

causes of primary malnutrition

A

ignorance and erroneous food habits
scarcity of food supply
overproduction

decreased nutrient absorption ay hindi cause of primary malnutrition

20
Q

antioxidants that protects integrity of lipids and phospholipids

A

vitE

21
Q

complaints of night blindness is an example of ___ stage of malnutrition

A

4th

22
Q

BEST strategy to recommend to manage weight problems, esp for the pediatric age group is:

A

to teach them how to choose wisely quality and quantity of foods

23
Q

transfats:

a. result when carbon-carbon double bone are converted into single bond because hydrogen was added
b. result when double bond are converted from cis to trans configuration
c. had been linked to increase incidence of heart disease
d. b and c
e. all

A

D.

b. result when double bond are converted from cis to trans configuration
c. had been linked to increase incidence of heart disease

24
Q

“hold your baby crosswise in the crook of the arm opposite the breast, you’re feeding from - left arm for right breast, right arm for left. Support the baby’s trunk and head with your forearm and palm. Place your other hand beneath your breast in a U-shaped hold and guide the baby’s mouth to your breast” is a description of:

A

Cross Cradle hold

25
Q

carbohydrates, proteins, fats. how many per gram?

A

Carbohydrates (60%) (1gm = 4kcal)
proteins 11% (1gm = 4kcal)
fats 35% (1gm = 9kcal)

26
Q

strict vegetarians (completely avoid animal products) may suffer deficiency of this vitamin:

A

cyanocobalamin

27
Q

considered diagnostic sign(s) of Kwashiorkor

A

edema

28
Q

colostrum compared to mature milk have lower content of the ff: except:

a. proteins
b. fats
c. vitamins.
d. salts like Na+ and K+
e. immune bodies

A

B

fats and sugar

29
Q

human adults require 8 essential amino acids daily for optimal health. in addition, the ff are considered essential in the premature:

A

cystine
histidine
tyrosine

30
Q

An Omega-6 fatty acid with anti-inflammatory and anti-spasmodic effect is

A

GLA (gammalinolenic acid)

31
Q

Goats milk compared to breast milk has all the following characteristics, except:

a. higher protein
b. lower carbohydrates
c. have been known as antigenic
d. comparable level of folic acid and iron

A

D

32
Q

A healthy diet is consist of fatty acids ratio of Omega 6 to Omega 3

A

4:1

33
Q

The ff food consist of saturated fats except

A

margarine

34
Q

Evaporated milk is not recommended as substitute for breast milk, however if you must give it, how much water is added to 1oz

A

1

35
Q

daily water requirement is highest in

A

first year of life

36
Q

excessive corn consumption is associated with what vitamin deficiency

A

niacin

37
Q

best management of obesity

A

gradual food intake rich in fibers such as vegetables and fruits

38
Q

incrased level of homocysteine has been appreciated with atherosclerosis and studies have shown that there is a correlation with elevated levels homocysteine with deficiency of which of the following vitamins

A

cyanocobalamine
folic acid
peridoxine

39
Q

responsible for “let-down” or milk ejection reflex

A

oxytocin

40
Q

breastfeeding. arm supporting the baby is same side as breast

A

Cradle Hold

41
Q

breastfeeding. arm opposite the breast is the one supporting the baby

A

Cross Cradle Hold

42
Q

breastfeeding. sa ilalim kili-kili. good for CS

A

Football Hold

43
Q

breastfeeding. katabi

A

Side-Lying Hold

44
Q

whey:casein ration

A

60: 40 breastmilk
20: 80 cow’s milk

45
Q

marasmus

A

kulang calories and protein

46
Q

kwashiorkor

A

very low in protein

Y2 Pediatrics (9 decks)

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