Nutrition

Question 1

A newborn typically loses up to _____of birth weight (BW) in the first week of life due to elimination of large amount of extravascular fluid

Answer 1

10%

Question 2

NB Should regain or surpass BW by_______

Answer 2

2 weeks.

Question 3

An infant typically doubles BW by______months and triples by ______

Answer 3

6

1 year.

Question 4

Between age_________: 3–6 growth spurts each year for 8-week periods each;

Answer 4

6 and 12 years

Question 5

myelination complete by age_________

Answer 5

7

Question 6

Height percentile at age ___________ correlates with final adult height percentile.

Answer 6

2 years

Question 7

Weight/height <5th percentile is the single best growth curve indicator for__________

Answer 7

acute malnutrition.

Question 8

BMI is accepted as best clinical indicator for measure of ____________

Answer 8

under- and overweight

Question 9

For bone age-reference standards, use radiographs of ________

Answer 9

left hand and wrist

Question 10

maturity is linked more to ________ than chronologic age.

Answer 10

sexual maturity

Question 11

Bone age = Chronological age,

Normal

Abn

Answer 11

Genetic (familial) short stature

Genetic, Chromosomal

Question 12

Bone age < Chronological age

Normal

Abn

Answer 12

Constitutional delay

• Chronic systemic disease
• Endocrine related

Question 13

Bone age ≥ Chronological age

Normal

Abn

Answer 13

Obesity (tall) Familial tall stature

• Precocious puberty
• Congenital adrenal
hyperplasia
• Hyperthyroidism

Question 14

child is short prior to onset of delayed adolescent growth
spurt; parents are of normal height; normal final adult height is reached; growth spurt and puberty are delayed; bone age delayed compared to chronological age.

Answer 14

Constitutional growth delay

Question 15

patient is parallel to growth curve; strong family history of
short stature; chronologic age equals bone age

Answer 15

Familial short stature

Question 16

___________patient may start out in normal range but then starts crossing growth percentiles

Answer 16

Pathologic short stature

Question 17

Syndromes asstd with tall stature

Answer 17

homocystinuria, Sotos, Klinefelter

Question 18

Initial dxtics for malnourished child

Answer 18

Initial diagnostic tests (when organic causes are suspected)document caloric intake, CBC, urinalysis, liver function tests, serum protein, sweat chloride, stool for
ova and parasites

Question 19

Manifestations of non-organic FTT

Answer 19

– A flat occiput and hair loss may indicate excessive back-lying
– Delays in social and speech development
– Avoidance of eye contact, expressionless, no cuddling response

Question 20

Dxtic test for obesity

Answer 20

– BMI >95% for age and sex is diagnostic of obesity

– 85 to 95% = overweight

Question 21

Normal newborn has sufficient stores of iron to meet requirements for_______ months, but iron stores and absorption are variable

Answer 21

4–6

Question 22

Formula is supplemented with ______; breast fed must be supplemental from birth (400 IU/d).

Answer 22

vitamin D

Question 23

What form of immunity is passed in BF

Answer 23

passive transfer of T-cell immunity

Question 24

Contraindications to BF

Answer 24

– HIV
– CMV, HSV (if lesions on breast)
– HBV (see note)
– Acute maternal disease if infant does not have disease (tuberculosis, sepsis)
– Breast cancer
– Substance abuse

Question 25

(drugs absolute contraindications for BF)

Answer 25

antineoplastics, radiopharmaceuticals, ergot alkaloids, iodide/mercurials, atropine, lithium, chloramphenicol, cyclosporin, nicotine, alcohol

Question 26

(drugs relative contraindications for BF)

Answer 26

neuroleptics, sedatives, tranquilizers,

metronidazole, tetracycline, sulfonamides, steroids

Question 27

Formula feeding contain ______

Answer 27

20 calories/ounce

Question 28

Formula versus cow milk—

_________ with early introduction (<1 yr) of cow’s milk

Answer 28

Fe-deficiency anemia

Question 29

Iron-fortified cereal only at_______

Answer 29

4-6 months

Question 30

Table foods at _______

Answer 30

9-12 months