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CKPeds > Immunization > Flashcards

Immunization Flashcards

1
Q

Examples of live attenuated viral vaccine

A

MMR, varicella, yellow fever, nasal influenza,

smallpox, oral rotavirus

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2
Q

Examples of live attenuated bacterial vaccine

A

BCG, oral typhoid

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3
Q

Examples of inactivated whole virus vaccine

A

Polio, rabies, hepatitis A

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4
Q

Examples of inactivated fractional protein based vaccine

A

Subunit: hepatitis B, parenteral influenza, acellular

pertussis

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5
Q

Examples of inactivated fractional polysaccharide based vaccine

Toxoid: ________
Pure:_________
Conjugate: _______

A

diphtheria, tetanus

pneumococcal, Hib, meningococcal

Hib, pneumococcal, meningococcal

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6
Q

For stimulation of an adequate and persisting antibody response,______ doses are usually required

A

2 or more

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7
Q

Rule for lapsed immunization

A

Lapsed immunizations—a lapse in schedule does not require reinstitution of the entire series

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8
Q

Dose—No reduced dose or divided dose should be administered, including to babies born prematurely or at low birth weight (exception:_______

A

first dose hepatitis B).

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9
Q

Active immunization of people who recently received gamma globulin

A

Live virus vaccine may have diminished immunogenicity when given shortly before or during the several months after receipt of immunoglobulin (Ig) so
live vaccine is delayed (3–11 months).

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10
Q

T or F

Minor illness, with or without a fever, does not contraindicate immunization.

A

T

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11
Q

Why is egg allergy not a contraindication to the MMR

A

MMR is derived from chick embryo fibroblast tissue cultures but does not contain significant amounts of egg cross-reacting proteins

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12
Q

Why is egg allergy not a contraindication to the Influenxa

A 
Influenza vaccine (and yellow fever) does contain egg protein and on rare occasions
may induce a significant immediate hypersensitivity reaction.
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13
Q

Post exposure immunization for measles

0–6 months

A

Immune serum globulin if mother is not immune

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14
Q

Post exposure immunization for measles

Pregnant or immunocompromised

A

Immune serum globulin

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15
Q

How to give Varicella passive immunization in pregnant mother

A

VZIG also for susceptible pregnant women, newborn whose mother had the onset of chicken pox within 5 days before delivery to 48 hours after delivery, and certain
hospitalized premature infants

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16
Q

Active Immunization for Hepatitis B: after exposure in nonimmune patient, give _________

A

hepatitis B Ig plus vaccine;

repeat vaccine at 1 and 6 months

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17
Q

Active Immunization Hepatitis A: if patient is not vaccinated,__________

A

give 1 dose of vaccine as soon as possible

but within 2 weeks of exposure

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18
Q

Mumps and Rubella active immunization

A

Not protected by postexposure administration of live vaccine

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19
Q

The infant born to a hepititis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive mother should receive

A

the first dose of hepatitis B virus (HBV) plus hepatitis B Ig at 2 different sites within 12 hours of birth; all 3 doses should be given by age 6 months (treat
same as exposure

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20
Q

DTaP

The rates of local reactions, fever, and other common systemic reactions are substantially lower with ______vaccines than with whole-cell vaccine
(but may still occur).

A

acellular pertussis

21
Q

DTaP

Total of 5 doses is recommended before school entry, with the final given at

A

preschool age, 4–6 years.

22
Q

________ vaccine is now recommended during adolescence, regardless of immunization status; is also recommended even if one has already had pertussis
disease.

A

Pertussis booster (Tdap)

23
Q

Tetanus Prophylaxis in Wound Management

Clean wound

<3 or unknown

A

Td: Y

TIG: N

24
Q

Tetanus Prophylaxis in Wound Management

dirty wound

<3 or unknown

A

Td: Y

TIG: Y

25
Q

Tetanus Prophylaxis in Wound Management

Clean wound

> 3

A

Td: No, unless >10 years from last dose

TIG: N

26
Q

Tetanus Prophylaxis in Wound Management

dirty wound

> 3

A

Td: No, unless >5 years from last dose

TIG: N

27
Q

the only poliovirus vaccine available in the United States

A

IPV

28
Q

How to give IPV

A

Four doses of IPV, with the last at preschool age, 4–6 years

29
Q

HiB Conjugated Vaccine

• Does not cover________

A

nontypeable Haemophilus

30
Q

HiB Conjugated Vaccine

If immunization is not initiated (i.e., child is behind) until age 15–59 months, then there is catch-up (1 dose), but not given after ________

A

age 5 years in normal children

31
Q

WHat type of Pneumococcal vaccine is available?

A

Purified polysaccharides of 13 serotypes conjugated to diphtheria protein

32
Q

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13

Routine administration as a 4-dose series for all children age________

A

15 months and younger

33
Q

PCV catch up dose

A

If no dose given yet between age 15–59 months, then there are catch-up doses

34
Q

__________—given as additional protection

to the PCV13 in some high-risk children (e.g., functional/anatomic asplenia)cage >2 years

A

23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PS23)

35
Q

What vaccine?

Recommended at age 12 months or older for healthy people who have not had varicella illness, with second dose at age 4–6 year

A

Varicella

36
Q

advantage of Varicella vaccination

A

May still have breakthrough varicella; milder than unimmunized, rarely spreads

37
Q

DOsing of MMR

A
  • First dose given at age 12–15 months
  • Second dose given at preschool age, 4–6 years
  • Catch-up with 2 doses
38
Q

How to give Hep A vaccine

A
  • Recommended for all children age >1 year (12–23 months)

* Two doses, 6 months apart

39
Q

Hep A vaccine is recommended for:

A

Also recommended routinely for chronic liver disease patients, homosexual and bisexual men, users of illegal drugs, patients with clotting-factor disorders, and
those at risk of occupational exposure

40
Q

Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine (MCV4)

Administer MCV4 to

A

– All children at the age 11–12 visit and booster at age

41
Q

Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine (MCV4)

There is now a vaccine for _____to be used for high risk patients and during outbreaks (status post concurrent type B outbreaks at Princeton and UC Santa Barbara)

A

serotype B

42
Q

WOF Egg allergy in what type of vaccine

A

Influenza Vaccine

43
Q

When should influenza vaccine be given?

A

Given annually during flu season for children greater than 6 months of age (A strains, B strains, and H1N1)

44
Q

Live influenza vaccine
– Administered ________
– Contraindicated in the immunocompromised
– Given only to healthy people_______of age who are not pregnant and do not have certain health conditions

A

intranasally

2–49 years

45
Q

How is rotavirus given?

A
  • Oral live attenuated vaccine
  • Given at ages 2, 4, 6 months
  • Essentially no catch-up if behind (no dose after age 8 months
46
Q

Types of HPV vaccine

A

Quadrivalent vaccine (6, 11, 16, 18) or bivalent vaccine (16, 18) to girls at the age 11-12 visit (through age 26) for cervical cancer prevention

47
Q

_____ to boys age 11–12; for genital warts caused by

HPV 6,11.

A

Quadrivalent vaccine (6, 11, 16, 18)

48
Q

See Vacc chart

A

Pedia 57

CKPeds (20 decks)

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