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Health And Human > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Micronutrients

A

Nutrients that are required in small amounts (Vitamins and minerals)

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2
Q

Hard tissue

A

Tissues in the body that form hard substances such as bones, teeth and cartilage

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3
Q

Soft tissue

A

Organs and tissues in the body that connect, support or surround other structures. They include skin, muscles, tendons, ligaments, collagens and organs

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4
Q

Six nutrients are…

A 
Carbohydrates (Fibre)
Fats (Vitamin A,D,E,K)
Protein 
Vitamins 
Minerals
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5
Q

Facts about carbohydrates

A

Provides fuel for energy
Glucose is the preferred energy for the body
One gram of carbs equals 16kj
Unused glucose is stored as adipose
Both slow acting(Pastas,Wholegrains) and fast acting(Lollies,Chocolate)

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6
Q

Facts about fibre

A

Isn’t absorbed in the body
Found in all foods of plant origin
Reduces the amount of glucose absorbed in the body
Absorbs water which adds bulk to the faeces

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7
Q

Facts about protein

A

Two main functions:
To help build, maintain and repair body cells
And to act as a fuel for producing energy
17kj per gram
Made up of 20 amino acids(11 are nonessential and can be made on the body, 9 are essential and can’t be made; must be consumed)

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8
Q

Facts about fat(lipids)

A

4 categories (saturated, trans, polyunsaturated, monounsaturated)
Acts as fuel for energy
37kj per gram
Required for adequate health and development throughout the lifespan
Helps develop and maintain cell membranes

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9
Q

Mono and poly fats are

A

Good fats

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10
Q

Saturated and trans fats are

A

Bad fats

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11
Q

Source of monounsaturated fat

A

Olive oil, avocado, nuts,

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12
Q

Source of polyunsaturated fat

A 
Two categories (omega 3 & 6)
Fish, canola, nuts, seeds, olive oil
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13
Q

Source of saturated fat

A

Found in animal products

Full cream milk, cream, cheese

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14
Q

Source of trans fats

A

Pies, pastries, cakes, baked and fried goods

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15
Q

Macronutrients

A

Nutrients that are required in large amounts (Carbs, fats and protein)

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16
Q

What is BMR?

A

Basal metabolic rate

The amount of energy required to sustain basic functioning of the human body

17
Q

Kilo joule

A

A unit of measuring energy inane and output (1kj equals 1000 joules)

18
Q

Behavioral determinants

A

The actions or patterns of living of an individual or group that affect health

19
Q

Anaemia

A

A condition characterized by a reduced ability to deliver oxygen to the cells due to a lack of healthy red blood cells.
Makes you tired.

20
Q

Provision of energy

A 
Cats bath in water 
Carbohydrates 
B group vitamins 
Iron
Water
21
Q

Blood production

A 
Peter can't live alone in Boston west
Protein 
Vitamin c
Lipids
Vitamin a 
Iron 
B group vitamins 
Water
22
Q

Soft tissue

A 
People fart constantly like anna will 
Protein 
Folate
Vitamin c 
Lipids 
Vitamin a 
Water
23
Q

Hard tissue

A 
Pets can always carry diseases 
Protein 
Vitamin c
Vitamin a 
Calcium 
Vitamin d
24
Q

Factors that affect BMR

A 
Age 
Growth 
Body size 
Sex
Dieting 
Environmental temperatures
25
Q

GI

A

Glycemic index

A scale from 0-100 indicating the effect on blood glucose of foods containing carbohydrates

26
Q

Osteoporosis

A

A condition characterized by a reduction in bone mass that makes bones more likely to break and fracture

27
Q

Fortified

A

Having a nutrient artificially added to increase nutritional value

28
Q

Collagen

A

Fibrous protein found in connective tissue that is the main component of cartilage, ligaments, tendons, bones and skin

29
Q

Cholesterol

A

A type of fat required for optimal functioning of the body that in excess can lead to a range of health concerns including the blocking of arteries. Can be bad low density lipoprotein or good high density lipoprotein

30
Q

Amino acid

A

Special organic molecules used by living organisms to make proteins

31
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

The build up of plaque on blood vessel walls, making it harder for blood to get through

32
Q

Physical environment

A

The physical surroundings we live, work and play. The physical environment includes water and air, housing, workplace, roads, nature, schools, recreational settings and exposure to hazards

33
Q

Resilience

A

Refers to an individuals ability to face and cope with stressful and difficult situations, and to recover after misfortune

34
Q

Sedentary

A

Undertaking no or very low levels of physical activity

35
Q

Socioeconomic status

A

SES
A measure of an individuals or family economic and social position within society relative to others, usually based on education, occupation and income

36
Q

Social determinants

A

Aspects of society and the social environment that impact on health, such as poverty, early life experiences, social networks and supports

Health And Human (3 decks)

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