Nutrition Flashcards
Micronutrients
Nutrients that are required in small amounts (Vitamins and minerals)
Hard tissue
Tissues in the body that form hard substances such as bones, teeth and cartilage
Soft tissue
Organs and tissues in the body that connect, support or surround other structures. They include skin, muscles, tendons, ligaments, collagens and organs
Six nutrients are…
Carbohydrates (Fibre) Fats (Vitamin A,D,E,K) Protein Vitamins Minerals
Facts about carbohydrates
Provides fuel for energy
Glucose is the preferred energy for the body
One gram of carbs equals 16kj
Unused glucose is stored as adipose
Both slow acting(Pastas,Wholegrains) and fast acting(Lollies,Chocolate)
Facts about fibre
Isn’t absorbed in the body
Found in all foods of plant origin
Reduces the amount of glucose absorbed in the body
Absorbs water which adds bulk to the faeces
Facts about protein
Two main functions:
To help build, maintain and repair body cells
And to act as a fuel for producing energy
17kj per gram
Made up of 20 amino acids(11 are nonessential and can be made on the body, 9 are essential and can’t be made; must be consumed)
Facts about fat(lipids)
4 categories (saturated, trans, polyunsaturated, monounsaturated)
Acts as fuel for energy
37kj per gram
Required for adequate health and development throughout the lifespan
Helps develop and maintain cell membranes
Mono and poly fats are
Good fats
Saturated and trans fats are
Bad fats
Source of monounsaturated fat
Olive oil, avocado, nuts,
Source of polyunsaturated fat
Two categories (omega 3 & 6) Fish, canola, nuts, seeds, olive oil
Source of saturated fat
Found in animal products
Full cream milk, cream, cheese
Source of trans fats
Pies, pastries, cakes, baked and fried goods
Macronutrients
Nutrients that are required in large amounts (Carbs, fats and protein)
What is BMR?
Basal metabolic rate
The amount of energy required to sustain basic functioning of the human body
Kilo joule
A unit of measuring energy inane and output (1kj equals 1000 joules)
Behavioral determinants
The actions or patterns of living of an individual or group that affect health
Anaemia
A condition characterized by a reduced ability to deliver oxygen to the cells due to a lack of healthy red blood cells.
Makes you tired.
Provision of energy
Cats bath in water Carbohydrates B group vitamins Iron Water
Blood production
Peter can't live alone in Boston west Protein Vitamin c Lipids Vitamin a Iron B group vitamins Water
Soft tissue
People fart constantly like anna will Protein Folate Vitamin c Lipids Vitamin a Water
Hard tissue
Pets can always carry diseases Protein Vitamin c Vitamin a Calcium Vitamin d
Factors that affect BMR
Age Growth Body size Sex Dieting Environmental temperatures
