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Gastroenterology > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

What are 3 polysaccharides?

A

starch, cellulose, glycogen

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2
Q

Name 3 disaccharides?

A

maltase, sucrase, lactase

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3
Q

Name 2 monosaccharides?

A

fructose, glucose

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4
Q

What enzyme converts starch?

A

amylase

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5
Q

What does amylase convert starch to?

A

glucose + maltose

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6
Q

What enzyme converts lactose?

A

lactase

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7
Q

What does lactase convert lactose to?

A

glucose + galactose

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8
Q

Which enzyme converts sucrose?

A

sucrase

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9
Q

What does sucrase convert sucrose to?

A

glucose + fructose

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10
Q

Which enzyme converts maltose?

A

maltase

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11
Q

What is maltose converted to?

A

glucose

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12
Q

Which enzyme converts isomaltose?

A

isomaltase

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13
Q

What does isomaltase convert isomaltose to?

A

maltose + glucose

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14
Q

What receptor moves glucose over the intestinal lumen?

A

SGLT-1

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15
Q

A congenitally inherited anomaly of the SGLT-1 transporter causes what disease?

A

glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome

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16
Q

Which receptor transports fructose over the intestinal lumen?

A

GLUT5 receptor

17
Q

Which receptor transports fructose out of the enterocytes and into the interstitium?

A

GLUT2 receptor

18
Q

What are the fat soluble vitamins?

A

A, D, E, K

19
Q

Where is iron absorbed?

A

Duodenum

20
Q

What does Vitamin A deficiency cause?

A

night blindness

21
Q

What does riboflavin (Vit B2) deficiency cause?

A

glossitis

22
Q

What does vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) def cause?

A

convulsions, hyper-irritability

23
Q

What does vitamin E def cause?

A

ataxia + spinocerebellar dysfunction

24
Q

What are the two main features of marasmus?

A

Muscle wasting + depletion of body fat stores

25
Q

What are the 3 main features of kwashiorkor?

A

generalised oedema, flaky peeling skin, skin rashes

26
Q

What is marasmus secondary to?

A

Protein + calorie loss

27
Q

What is kwashiokor secondary to?

A

Decreased protein intake + subsequent low oncotic pressure

Gastroenterology (5 decks)

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