Nutrition Flashcards
What are 3 polysaccharides?
starch, cellulose, glycogen
Name 3 disaccharides?
maltase, sucrase, lactase
Name 2 monosaccharides?
fructose, glucose
What enzyme converts starch?
amylase
What does amylase convert starch to?
glucose + maltose
What enzyme converts lactose?
lactase
What does lactase convert lactose to?
glucose + galactose
Which enzyme converts sucrose?
sucrase
What does sucrase convert sucrose to?
glucose + fructose
Which enzyme converts maltose?
maltase
What is maltose converted to?
glucose
Which enzyme converts isomaltose?
isomaltase
What does isomaltase convert isomaltose to?
maltose + glucose
What receptor moves glucose over the intestinal lumen?
SGLT-1
A congenitally inherited anomaly of the SGLT-1 transporter causes what disease?
glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome
Which receptor transports fructose over the intestinal lumen?
GLUT5 receptor
Which receptor transports fructose out of the enterocytes and into the interstitium?
GLUT2 receptor
What are the fat soluble vitamins?
A, D, E, K
Where is iron absorbed?
Duodenum
What does Vitamin A deficiency cause?
night blindness
What does riboflavin (Vit B2) deficiency cause?
glossitis
What does vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) def cause?
convulsions, hyper-irritability
What does vitamin E def cause?
ataxia + spinocerebellar dysfunction
What are the two main features of marasmus?
Muscle wasting + depletion of body fat stores
What are the 3 main features of kwashiorkor?
generalised oedema, flaky peeling skin, skin rashes
What is marasmus secondary to?
Protein + calorie loss
What is kwashiokor secondary to?
Decreased protein intake + subsequent low oncotic pressure
