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NCM-107 > NUTRITION > Flashcards

NUTRITION Flashcards

1
Q

list situations in which protein balance is negative

A

-inadequate intake of protein
-inadequate energy intake
-conditions such as fevers, bums, and infections
-bed rest for several days
-deficiency of essential amino acids
-increased protein loss
-increased secretion of thyroid hormone an cortisol

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2
Q

organic substances that are greasy and insoluble in water but soluble in alcohol or ether

A

lipids

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3
Q

what are the 2 types of fatty acids

A

saturated and unsaturated

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4
Q

organic compound that cant be manufactured by body

A

vitamins

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5
Q

list the water soluble vitamins

A

B1
B2
B3
B5
B6
B7
B9
B12
C

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6
Q

list the fat soluble vitamins

A

A
D
E
K

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7
Q

lack of necessary or appropriate food substances

A

malnutrition

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8
Q

too many calories and improper foods that causes. person to become overweight

A

overnutrition

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9
Q

not consuming enough calories to be healthy

A

undernutrition

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10
Q

a persons diet lacks the correct balance of proteins, carbs, vitamins, and minerals, even though they get enough calories

A

malnourished

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11
Q

standard triceps skin fold for males

A

12mm

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12
Q

standard triceps skin fold for females

A

20mm

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13
Q

standard mid arm circumference for males

A

32cma

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14
Q

standard mid arm circumference for females

A

28cm

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15
Q

standard mid arm muscle area for males

A

54cm squared

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16
Q

standard mid arm muscle area for females

A

30cm squared

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17
Q

end products are monosaccharides, normally absorbed by the small intestine1

A

carbohydrate digestion

18
Q

the body breaks carbohydrates in glucose. maintains blood levels, and provides a ready source of energy

A

carbohydrate metabolism

19
Q

list the essential amino acids

A

-histidine
-lysine
-methionine
-phenylalanine
-tryptophan
-threonine
-valine
-arginine

20
Q

list the nonessential amino acids

A

-aldine
-aspartic acid
-cystine
-glutamic acids
-glycine
-hydroxyproline
-proline
-serine
-tyrosine

21
Q

list the 3 activities of protein metabolism

A

-anabolism
-catabolism
-maintaining nitrogen balance

22
Q

list situations in which protein balance is positive

A

-growth
-pregnancy
-recovery stage after illness
-athletic training
-increased secretion of hormones

23
Q

all interactions between organism and food it consumes

A

nutrition

24
Q

organic and inorganic substances required for body functions

A

nutrients

25
Q

nutrient content of a specified amount of food

A

nutritive value

26
Q

list macronutrients

A

-water
-carbohydrates
-protein
-fats
-minerals and vitamins (in hundreds of grams)

27
Q

list micronutrients

A

-vitamins
-minerals
(required in milligrams or micrograms)

28
Q

factors affecting nutrition

A

-lifestyle
-economics
-medications and therapy
-health
-alcohol consumption
-advertising
-psychological factors

29
Q

-demand feeding
-regurgitation
-iron deficiency anemia
-bottle mouth syndrome

what part of life cycle

A

neonate to 1 year

30
Q

-eat most foods
-adjust to 3 meals/day
-feed selves
-deciduous teeth allow range of foods

what part of life cycle

A

toddler; 1-2 years

31
Q

-adult foods
-may require snacks

what part of life cycle

A

preschooler; 3-5 years

32
Q

-balanced diet about 2400 Kcal
-protein-rich food for breakfast to sustain school work
-teach child about healthful eating
-poor eating habits lead to obesity

what part of life cycle

A

school-age child; 6-12 years

33
Q

-increased need for nutrients and calories, calcium
-teach healthy lifelong eating habits
-risk for eating disorders

what part of life cycle

A

adolescent; 10-19 years

34
Q

-continue to eat a healthy diet with special attention
-2 or 3 liters of fluid should be included in the diet

what part of life cycle

A

young adult; 20-39 years

35
Q

-postmenopausal women need to ingest sufficient calcium and vitamin D to reduce osteoporosis
-antioxidants such as vitamin A, C, and E may be helpful in reducing the risk of heart disease in women

what part of life cycle

A

middle-aged adult; 40-59 years

36
Q

-require the same basic nutrition as the younger adult
-fewer calories are needed because of the lower metabolic rate and the decrease in physical activity

what part of the life cycle

A

older adults; 60 or older

37
Q

relationship between energy derived from food and energy used b the body

A

energy balance

38
Q

amount of energy nutrients or foods supply to the the body

A

calorie value

39
Q

1 calories equals how many joules

A

4.18

40
Q

is the rate at which the body metabolized food to maintain the energy requirement of a person who is awake and at rest

A

basal metabolic rate

41
Q

alternative feeding methods that ensure adequate nutrition through GI system methods

A

enteral

NCM-107 (7 decks)

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