Nutrition

Question 1

Role of vitamin A

Answer 1

Responsible for epithelial proliferation, keratinisation and development

Question 2

Animal sources of vitamin A

Answer 2

Milk, liver, eggs, oily fish

Question 3

Plant sources of vitamin A

Answer 3

Green leafy veg, bright yellow/orange fruit

Question 4

Clinical presentation of vitamin A deficiency

Answer 4

Dry skin
Keratotic follicular papules on the thighs and upper arms

Question 5

Investigation for vitamin A deficiency

Answer 5

Serum vitamin A

Question 6

Role of vitamin K

Answer 6

Essential cofactor for several blood coagulation factors

Question 7

Sources of vitamin K

Answer 7

Green leafy veg, liver, legumes, veg oils

Question 8

Clinical presentation of vitamin K deficiency

Answer 8

Bleeeding tendency, easy bruising

Question 9

Investigations for vitamin K deficiency

Answer 9

Measure coagulation and serum vitamin K

Question 10

Role of vitamin B2

Answer 10

Essential cofactor in numerous metabolic reactions

Question 11

Sources of vitamin B2

Answer 11

Milk, liver, meat, eggs, leafy green veg

Question 12

Clinical presentation of vitamin B2 deficiency

Answer 12

Cheilosis
Angular stomatitis
Painful red dry tongue

Question 13

Investigations for vitamin B2 deficiency

Answer 13

Measure the activity coefficient of erythrocyte glutathione reductase

Question 14

Another name for vitamin B2

Answer 14

Riboflavin

Question 15

Another name for vitamin B3

Answer 15

Niacin

Question 16

Role of vitamin B3

Answer 16

Essential cofactor in numerous metabolic reactions

Question 17

Sources of vitamin B3

Answer 17

Meat, fish, nuts, coffee

Question 18

Clinical presentation of vitamin B3 deficiency

Answer 18

Dermatitis
Delirium
Diarrhoea
Death

Question 19

Describe the dermatitis seen in vitamin B3 deficiency

Answer 19

Bilateral, symmetrical itchy red rash worse on sun exposed sites

Question 20

Sources of vitamin B6

Answer 20

Meat, cereals, milk, potatoes, bananas, nuts and pulses

Question 21

Clinical presentation of vitamin B6 deficiency

Answer 21

Dermatitis
Glossitis

Question 22

Investigations for vitamin B6 deficiency

Answer 22

Measure serum or urinary B6

Question 23

Role of biotin

Answer 23

Essential cofactor for carboxylase enzymes

Question 24

Sources of biotin

Answer 24

Cereals, milk, eggs, pulses, nuts

Question 25

Clinical presentation of biotin deficiency

Answer 25

Facial dermatitis, glossitis, alopecia

Question 26

Investigation for biotin deficiency

Answer 26

Measure serum biotin

Question 27

Role of vitamin C

Answer 27

Essential cofactor in collagen formation

Question 28

Another name for vitamin C

Answer 28

Ascorbic acid

Question 29

Sources of vitamin C

Answer 29

Citrus fruit, strawberries, blackcurrants, tomatoes and potatoes

Question 30

Clinical presentation of vitamin C deficiency

Answer 30

Hyperkeratosis around hair follicles, inflamed gums, poor wound healing, fatigue, malaise, muscle and bone pain

Question 31

Roles of zinc

Answer 31

Required for many metabolic pathways
Vital for wound healing

Question 32

Sources of zinc

Answer 32

Meat, fish, milk, eggs, cereals, nuts and pulses

Question 33

What is acrodermatitis enteropathica

Answer 33

disorder resulting from insufficient zinc absorption

Question 34

Genetic inheritance in acrodermatitis enteropathica

Answer 34

Autosomal recessive

Question 35

Clinical presentation of acrodermatitis enteropathica

Answer 35

Infants develop diarrhoea, alopeica
perioral facial and actual dermatitis

Question 36

Clinical presentation of acquired zinc deficiency

Answer 36

Growth retardation in kids
Dermatotic rash of mainly hands and feet

Question 37

Investigations for zinc deficiency

Answer 37

Serum zinc

Question 38

Causes of acquired zinc deficiency

Answer 38

Secondary to burns or infection