Infections Flashcards
What is erysipelas
Superficial form of cellulitis localised to the dermis and lymphatic system
What causes erysipelas
Strep pyogenes
Associated symptoms of erysipelas
Fever and systemic upset
Where does erysipelas usually effect
The face
Management of erysipelas
Flucloxacilin
What is necrotising fasciitis
A rapidly progressive infection resulting in extensive necrosis of superficial fascia and overlying subcutaneous fat
Type 1 necrotising fasciitis
Caused by mixed anaerobes and coliforms usually post abdominal surgery
Type 2 necrotising fasciitis is caused by…
Group A strep infection
Risk factors for necrotising fasciitis
Poor immune function
Obesity
PWIDs
PAD
Systemic symptoms of necrotising fasciitis
Fever, chills, altered mental state
Clinical presentation of necrotising fasciitis
Diffuse erythema
Disproportionate pain
Crepitus
Purple skin discolouration
What is crepitus
A crackling, popping or grating sound or sensation that occurs when 2 surfaces rub against each other
Investigations in necrotising fasciitis
Blood cultures, gram stain and cultures from deep tissue
Management of necrotising fasciitis
Surgical debridement and antibiotics
Who is most likely to get impetigo
Children
Most common causative organism in impetigo
Staph aureus
Clinical presentation of impetigo
Well defined lesions with a honey coloured golden crust and erythematous base
Usually on the face
Management of impetigo
Topical fusidic acid for 7 days
Management of extensive or severe impetigo
Flucloxacilin or clarithromycin + topical fusidic acid
What is cellulitis
Inflammation and infection of the soft tissues
Causative organisms for cellulitis
Strep pyogenes
Staph aureus
What condition is associated with an increased risk of cellulitis
Diabetes
Clinical presentation of cellulitis
Generalised swelling of the legs
Macular, hot erythema with ill defined margins that is spreading
Fevers, rigours, nausea
General management of cellulitis
Rest
Elevation
Analgesia
Splint
Antibiotic usually used in cellulitis
Flucloxacilin
