Nutrition Flashcards
What is the most sensitive test for malnutrition?
Albumin
Anergy secondary to malnutrition is mediated through what cells?
T-cells
What elements are increased in tumor lysis syndrome?
Potassium
Phosphorus
Uric acid
Which element is DECREASED in tumor lysis syndrome?
Calcium
Which electrolyte abnormality is LEAST consistent with tumor lysis syndrome?
Hypercalcemia, calcium is DECREASED with tumor lysis
Which element is most INCREASED with massive transfusion?
Potassium
Which element is most DECREASED with massive transfusion?
Calcium
What are the benefits of enteral feeds compared to TPN?
Trophic to small gut, decreased risk of infection compared to TPN
What non-essential amino acid is essential in patients with critical illness?
Glutamine
What is an essential fatty acid in critical illness?
Linolenic acid
What causes cholestasis associated with TPN?
Excessive carbohydrate calories
What is the most common METABOLIC abnormality with TPN?
Hyperglycemia
What is the equation used to calculate basal energy expenditure?
Harris-Benedict
666+(9.6kg)+(1.7cm)-(4.7*yrs)
Which factor is Basal energy expenditure most dependent on?
Weight
What is the most common ELECTROLYTE abnormality with TPN?
HYPOphosphatemia
Where is iron absorbed?
Duodenum
What cofactor is required for iron absorption?
Vitamin C
Night blindness, weakened immunity, diarrhea, and alopecia are common when deficient in what nutrient?
Zinc
Where is folate absorbed?
Duodenum
What trace element is needed for the creation of red blood cells?
Copper
Postoperative hyponatremia is secondary to what physiologic changes?
Increased ADH and free water retention
What is the most common cause of HYPERkalemia?
Renal failure, lab error