Nutrition Flashcards
What are macronutrients?
Provide energy and build tissue; extra is stored a fat and become triglycerides (carbohydrates, protein, fat)
What does carbohydrate do?
Provides quick source of energy; excess is stored as fat/glycogen
What are proteins?
Responsible for building and maintaining bodily structure (muscle)
What are micronutrients?
Regulate and control body processes; necessary for utilization of fats, carbs and proteins
What do vitamins do?
Catalyst for metabolic processes
How much kcal/gram does carbohydrate have?
4
How much kcal/gram does protein have?
4
How much kcal/gram does fat have?
9
What is metabolism?
All the biochemical & physiologic processes by which the body grows and maintains itself; calories fuel metabolism but excess calories are stored as fat
What is basal metabolic rate?
Rest at which a body burns calories while at rest (if you have more muscle you burn more calories)
What happens to a person metabolic rate when they go on a starvation diet?
Slows down
What is metabolism affected by?
Age, disease, gender, starvation
Does the rate of metabolism go up or down as we age?
Decreases
How much is one pound in calories?
3500 calories
What is anthropometric data?
-Mid arm circumference measurement
-BMI
This is indirect measurements of body fat and protein
How do you measure BMI?
Weight in pounds x 703 and then divided by height in inches x 2
What is considered average BMI?
18.5-24.9
What is considered underweight BMI?
Below 18.5
What is considered overweight BMI?
25-29.9
What is considered obese BMI class 1?
30-34.9
What is considered class 2 obese BMI?
35-39.9
What is considered extreme obesity?
40+