Nutrition

Question 1

Positive energy balance

Answer 1

Energy input is higher than energy output.

Question 2

Negative energy balance

Answer 2

Energy input is lower that energy output.

Question 3

Neutral energy balance

Answer 3

Energy input is equal to energy output.

Question 4

Carbohydrates

Answer 4

Macro-nutrient - body’s preferred energy source.

Question 5

High GI

Answer 5

Carbohydrates that are broken down quickly into the blood stream

Question 6

Low GI

Answer 6

Carbohydrates that are broken down slowly into the blood stream

Question 7

Protein

Answer 7

Macro-nutrient - muscle repair and growth

Question 8

Fats

Answer 8

Macro-nutrient - energy source + insulation + organ protection.

Question 9

Trans fats

Answer 9

Found in processed foods e.g. donuts, pies/pastries, supermarket cakes.
- increases LDL and decrease HDL

Question 10

Saturated fats

Answer 10

Found in animal products e.g. steak, dairy products
- increase LDL

Question 11

Monounsaturated fats

Answer 11

Found in avocado, olive oil
- increase HDL

Question 12

Polyunsaturated Fats

Answer 12

Found in fish
- increase HDL and decreases LDL

Question 13

LDL

Answer 13

Low density lipoprotein - carry cholesterol and deposit it on inside of artery walls which can build-up (atherosclerosis) and cause blockage leading to heart attack or stroke.
- LDL = Lethal/unhealthy

Question 14

HDL

Answer 14

High density lipoprotein - carry cholesterol away from arteries back to the liver where it is broken down therefore decrease risk of blockages in arteries.
- HDL = Helpful/Healthy

Question 15

Obesity/Overweight

Answer 15

Excess adipose tissue

Question 16

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)

Answer 16

A group of conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels e.g. heart attack, stroke.

Question 17

Satiety

Answer 17

Feeling of fullness

Question 18

Lipoprotein

Answer 18

Carries cholesterol to and from cells.

Question 19

Cholesterol

Answer 19

A waxy, fat like substance found in the body essential for some metabolic processes like the production of hormones.

Question 20

Atherosclerosis

Answer 20

A thickening or hardening of the arteries caused by a buildup of plaque (cholesterol) in the inner lining of an artery.
A type of cardiovascular disease that can lead to heart attack and/or stroke.

Question 21

Heart attack

Answer 21

When blood vessels feeding the heart oxygen become blocked.

Question 22

Stroke

Answer 22

When blood vessels feeding the brain oxygen become blocked or damaged.