Nutrition Flashcards
What are the 6 main categories of nutrients?
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
- Fats
- Water
- Minerals
- Vitamins
What are the 4 macronutrients?
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
- Fats
- Water
What are the 2 micronutrients?
- Minerals
2. Vitamins
Food with a ____ glycemic index should be encouraged because they have ____-term benefits
low, long
What are 3 functions of sodium?
- Fluid distribution
- Acid-base balance
- Neuromuscular
____ density foods are better than ____ density foods
High, low
What are 3 functions of calcium?
- Hemostasis
- Nerve conduction
- Muscular contraction
The primary absorption site of the GI system is:
Small Intestine
The colon synthesizes vitamins _ and _
B, K
What are 5 alternations that affect digestion?
- Crohn’s disease
- Gastroenteritis
- GERD
- Celiac disease
- Stomatitis
How does sugar affect metabolism?
Increased amount of sugar not metabolized –> increased fat + insulin resistance
What are some consequences of gastric bypass surgery?
- Vitamin + mineral deficiencies
> Anemia
> Metabolic bone disease
What are some age-related factors that can affect nutrition in older adults?
- Losing teeth
- Decreased bite force
- Reduced saliva
- Decreased thirst sensation
- Decreased peristalsis
What is the goal of the Dietary Approaches to Stopping Hypertension (DASH) Diet?
Reduce blood pressure
What is the goal of the Mediterranean Diet?
Prevent heart disease + stroke
