Nutrient Imbalances

Question 1

Effects of a lack of proteins:

Answer 1

▪ muscle wastage
▪ poor growth in children
▪ cuts are slow to heal
▪ fluid build-up under the skin
▪ kwashiorkor (a severe protein deficiency

Question 2

Effects of a excess of protein:

Answer 2

▪ strain on the kidneys
▪ excess is converted to fat

Question 3

effects of lack of carbs:

Answer 3

▪ lack of energy
▪ protein used as energy source
▪ weight loss

Question 4

effects of an excess of carbs:

Answer 4

▪ excess converted to fat, causing weight gain
▪ too much sugar may cause tooth decay

Question 5

effects of a lack of fat

Answer 5

▪ lose weight
▪ feel cold
▪ can lack essential fatty acids (omega 3)

Question 6

effects of an excess in fat

Answer 6

▪ become overweight
▪ high cholesterol levels, increasing risk of heart disease and stroke

Question 7

effects of a lack in vitamin A

Answer 7

▪ poor night vision
▪ difficulty fighting infections
▪ poor growth in children

Question 8

effects of an excess of vitamin A

Answer 8

▪ is poisonous and can build up in the liver
▪ animal sources, such as liver, can cause birth defects in babies

Question 9

effects of a lack in Vitamin B1

Answer 9

▪ slow growth and development
▪ weight loss
▪ weakness and pains in limbs
▪ beriberi is a severe deficiency disease leading to muscle wastage

Question 10

effects of an excess of vitamin B1

Answer 10

no harm caused

Question 11

effects of a lack of vitamin B2

Answer 11

▪ dryness of mouth
▪ sensitivity to sunlight
▪ poor growth

Question 12

effects of an excess of vitamin B2

Answer 12

no harm caused

Question 13

effects of an excess of vitamin B3

Answer 13

no harm caused

Question 13

effects of a lack on vitamin B3

Answer 13

▪ insomnia
▪ severe deficiency leads to pellagra symptoms including dementia, diarrhoea,
and dermatitis

Question 14

effects of a lack of vitamin B6

Answer 14

▪ headaches
▪ skin problems
▪ aches and pains
▪ feeling of weakness

Question 15

effects of an excess of vitamin B6

Answer 15

▪ unlikely through food, but too many supplements can cause a loss of feeling in limbs

Question 16

effects of a lack of vitamin B9

Answer 16

▪ tiredness
▪ anaemia
▪ insufficient during pregnancy can result in spinal deformation, such as spina bifida

Question 17

effects of an excess of vitamin B9

Answer 17

▪ taking too much can hide a deficiency of vitamin B12

Question 18

effects of a lack in vitamin B12

Answer 18

▪ tiredness
▪ anaemia
▪ muscle fatigue
▪ depression
▪ memory problems

Question 19

effects of an excess of vitamin B12

Answer 19

no harm caused

Question 20

effects of a lack of vitamin C

Answer 20

▪ poor skin health
▪ bleeding gums
▪ anaemia
▪ scurvy

Question 21

effects of an excess of vitamin c

Answer 21

▪ excreted by the body – not stored
▪ no harm caused, but too many vitamin C supplements can cause diarrhoea

Question 22

effects of a lack of vitamin D

Answer 22

▪ poor calcium absorption leading to rickets and osteoporosis

Question 23

effects of an excess of Vitamin D

Answer 23

no harm caused

Question 24

effects of a lack of iron

Answer 24

▪ anaemia
▪ pale complexion
▪ weak and splitting nails

Question 25

effects of a lack in calcium

Answer 25

▪ poor bone structure
▪ rickets
▪ osteoporosis
▪ blood does not clot properly

Question 25

effects of an excess of iron

Answer 25

▪ can cause stomach pains and nausea

Question 26

effects of an excess of calcium

Answer 26

causes constipation