Macronutrients Flashcards
What is a Macronutrient?
a nutrient needed by the body in large amounts
What are the three macronutrients
carbohydrates
proteins
fat
What are complex carbs made of
starch
what are simple carbs made up of?
sugars
What are the three types of saccharides and what type of carb are they?
-monosaccharides (simple)
-disaccharides (simple)
-polysaccharides (complex )
Sources of simple carbs
-sugar
-biscuits
-cakes
-chocolate
sources of complex carbs
-wholegrain cereals
-vegetables
-beans and legume
-bread
function of carbs
-provide and store energy for the workings of the body
-sweeten and flavour foods
-provides fibre for digestion
What is a visible fat?
Visible fats are fats that are readily noticed or seen by the naked eye
Examples of visible fat?
-skin on poultry
-fat of a piece of meat
What is an invisible fat?
Invisible fats are the fats in food that are not visible to the naked eye but still contribute to the total fat content of the food
examples if invisible fat?
butter in cake
what are the two types of fat?
unsaturated and saturated fat
Which type of fat is healthier?
saturated fat are unhealthier and should be eaten in small amounts whilst unsaturated fats are a lot healthier.
sources of saturated fat?
-butter
-suet
-lard
-animal fat
What are the two types of unsaturated fat ?
monounsaturated and polyunsaturated
sources of monounsaturated fat? (list 3)
olive oil
nuts
oily fish (omega 3)
sources of polyunsaturated fat? (list 3)
seeds
salmon
walnuts
avocados
functions of fat: (list 4)
-provide a good energy source
-form the structure of some cells
-insulate the body against the cold
-protect vital organs such as the heart, liver and kidney
-provide a good source of vitamin D
What are two essential fatty acids essential to human health, that cannot be made by the body?
omega 3 and omega 6
sources of omega 3:
oily fish
seeds
walnut oil
green leafy vegetables
sources of omega 6:
sunflower oil
corn oil
fruit and vegetables
grains
poultry
seeds
What is the difference between a fat and an oil
fats are solid at room temp while oils are liquid
What is the daily intake of carbs for an adult?
250g
