Nutrient Glossary Flashcards
The passage of liquid and digested (soluble) food across the gut wall
Absorption
Free-choice; allowing animals to eat all they want
Ad libitum
Refers to feeding feeds that contains their normal amount of moisture
As fed
Any foods, including starches, sugars, cellulose, and gums, that are broken down to simple sugars through digestion
Carbohydrates
A blind pouch at the junction of the small and large intestine
Cecum
The large intestine from the end of the small intestine and beginning with the cecum to the anus
Colin
A faster-than normal rate of gain after a period of restricted gain
Compensatory gain
An enclosure into which young can enter to obtain food but larger animals cannot enter. Also refers to the type of feed fed in this method. Creep feeding
Creep
Bonus of feed a ruminant animal regurgitates forget her chewing
Cud
Feed ingredients or mixture of ingredients (including water) that is consumed by animals
Diet
The quality of being digestible. If a high percentage of a given food taken into the digestive tract is absorbed into the body, that food is said to have high digestibility.
Digestibility
The reduction of particle size in feed becomes soluble and can pass across the gut wall into the vascular or lymph system
Digestion
Feed after water (moisture) has been removed (100% dry)
Dry matter DM
Ingredient (such as an antibiotic) added to a diet to perform a specific role (to improve gain or feed efficiency)
Feed additive
A feed that is high in fiber and often low in digestible nutrients, and energy. Feeds such as hay, straw, silage, and pasture are examples.
Forage
(1) the sum of chemical changes in the body, including the “building-up” and “breaking- down” process. (2) the transformation in which energy is made available for body use
Metabolism
Having only one stomach or only one compartment in the stomach.
Monogastric
Nitrogen in feeds from substances such as urea and amino acids, but not from performed proteins.
Non protein nitrogen (NPN)
Simple-stomach bot monogastric animal.
Nonruminant
One of the stomach components of ruminant animals. It has many folds.
Omasum
A substance that’ll made up of amino acids and that contains approximately 16% nitrogen (based on molecular weight)
Protein
The amount of total feed fed to animals over a 24-hour period
Ration
To cast up digested food to the mouth as is done by ruminants
Regurgitate
One of the stomach compartments of ruminant animals. It is lined with small compartment, giving a honeycomb appearance
Reticulum
A feed that is high in fiber and often low in digestible nutrients, and energy. Feeds such as hay, straw, silage, and pasture are examples.
Roughage
The larger fermentation pouch of the ruminant animal in which bacteria and Protozoa break down fibrous plant meatier all that is allowed by the animal; sometimes referred to as the pouch
Rumen
The regurgitation of i digested food and chewing it a second time, after which it is again swallowed.
Rumination
Forage, corn fodder, or sorghum preserved be fermentation that produces acids similar to the acids that are used to make pickled foods for human consumption.
Silage
A feed used with another feed to improve the nutrient balance of the total ration
Supplement
Includes the total amounts of digestible protein, nitrogen-free extract, fiber, and fat (multiplied by 2.25) all summed together
Total digestible nutrients (TDN)
An organic catalyst, or a component Theron, that facilitates specific and necessary functions
Vitamin
A group of fatty acids produced from microbial action in the rumen; examples are acetic, prop ionic, and butyric acids
Volatile fatty acids (VFAs)
The fourth stomach compartment of ruminant animals, corresponds to the true stomach of mono gastric animals
Abomasum
