Nutrient Dificiencies Flashcards
What is malnutrition
Malnutrition refers to a condition that arises from an imbalanced diet or insufficient nutrient intake. It can manifest as undernutrition (not getting enough nutrients) or overnutrition (excess intake of certain nutrients). Malnutrition can lead to a variety of health issues, affecting growth, development, and overall health.
what is Anorexia Nervosa
Description: Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight and a distorted body image, leading to self-imposed starvation and excessive weight loss.
Symptoms: Symptoms may include extreme weight loss, a preoccupation with food and dieting, avoidance of social situations involving food, and physical signs such as fatigue, dizziness, and changes in menstrual patterns.
Consequences: It can lead to severe health issues, including heart problems, bone density loss, and even death if not treated.
what is Scurvy
Description: Scurvy is a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), which is essential for the synthesis of collagen, a protein that helps maintain the integrity of connective tissues.
Symptoms: Symptoms include fatigue, weakness, swollen and bleeding gums, joint pain, and anemia. Skin may also become rough and bruising can occur easily.
Prevention/Treatment: Scurvy can be prevented and treated by increasing the intake of vitamin C-rich foods, such as citrus fruits, strawberries, kiwi, and vegetables like bell peppers and broccoli.
what is Anemia
Description: Anemia is a condition characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood, leading to reduced oxygen transport in the body.
Types: There are various types of anemia, including iron-deficiency anemia (the most common), vitamin B12 deficiency anemia, and folate deficiency anemia.
Symptoms: Common symptoms include fatigue, weakness, pale skin, shortness of breath, and dizziness.
Causes: Causes can include inadequate dietary intake of iron or vitamins, chronic diseases, or genetic disorders.
Prevention/Treatment: Treatment typically involves dietary changes, supplements, or addressing underlying health issues.
what is rickets
Description: Rickets is a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate, leading to weakened bones in children.
Symptoms: Symptoms may include delayed growth, bone pain, weakness, and deformities such as bowed legs or a curved spine.
Causes: It is often due to insufficient sunlight exposure, poor dietary intake, or malabsorption issues.
Prevention/Treatment: Rickets can be prevented and treated by ensuring adequate intake of vitamin D (through sunlight, diet, or supplements) and calcium.
what is Kwashiorkor
Description: Kwashiorkor is a severe form of malnutrition caused by a deficiency of protein in the diet, often occurring in children who have been weaned from breast milk and are consuming a carbohydrate-rich but protein-poor diet.
Symptoms: Symptoms include edema (swelling due to fluid retention), irritability, an enlarged liver, skin changes, and stunted growth.
Causes: It is commonly seen in regions with food scarcity or in situations where diets are unbalanced.
Prevention/Treatment: Treatment involves addressing protein deficiency through dietary changes and providing necessary nutrients.
