Nutrient Analysis Flashcards
Why is it important to analyze the nutrient content in feeds?
to watch growth and performance levels
What are book values?
standardized values for the nutrient composition of various feed ingredients
What are some examples of whats included in book values?
- cost efficiency
- regulatory compliance
- quality control
- research and education
- balancing nutrient needs
- feed formulation
- provide consistency and comparability
What are the three ways feeds are analyzed?
chemical, biological, and microbial
How do we analyze nutrients biologically?
We use the animal itself to figure out the concentration of the feed
What is the fastest way to analyze nutrients?
chemical
What nutrient analysis technique is inexpensive?
microbial
Why is proper sampling important?
because feeds are always changing and if we change an animal’s feed we want to make sure we don’t over or under feed them
How do we measure ash?
place dry sample in a muffler furnace at 600F for 4 hours
remaining residues is inorganic matter
How do we measure with ether extract?
we are extracting lipids from the sample using ether, lipids dissolve in ether. allow the sample to air/dry then weight. fat - weight loss
How do you measure crude fiber?
take lipid free material and put in acid. boil in a weak acid then boil in a weak alkali (removes proteins, sugars, and starches)
cellulose and hemicellulose remains
How do we measure nitrogen free extract (NFE)?
determined by the difference of all the other methods’ results
How do you measure crude protein?
kjedahl process… need more info
What is neutral detergent fiber?
measure to assess the structural fiber content of feed ingredients (specifically ruminant)
How do you measure NDF?
boil feed sample in neutral detergent solution, this dissolves the soluble components leaving the structural fiber behind. wash and filtrate, the residue represents NDF content
